Biodiesel production by interesterification of rapeseed oil with methyl formate in presence of potassium alkoxides

Ābelniece, Zane; Laipniece, Lauma; Kampars, Valdis

doi:10.1007/s13399-020-00874-z

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Homogeneous alkali catalysts are superior and commonly used in the industrial transesterification process for biodiesel production. Alkaline metal hydroxides such as NaOH and KOH and alkoxides such as CH 3 ONa, CH 3 OK, and NaOC 2 H 5 are the most widely used industrial catalysts since the reaction is quick and the reaction conditions are moderate [ 31 ]. Homogeneous alkali catalysts provide better yield and purity when extra-pure virgin oils are used whose FFA content and acid values are less than 0.5% and 1 mg KOH/g, respectively.…”

Section: Catalysis In Transesterificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Production Using Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, and Enzyme Catalysts via Transesterification and Esterification Reactions: a Critical Review

2021

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The excessive utilization of petroleum resources leads to global warming, crude oil price fluctuations, and the fast depletion of petroleum reserves. Biodiesel has gained importance over the last few years as a clean, sustainable, and renewable energy source. This review provides knowledge of biodiesel production via transesterification/esterification using different catalysts, their prospects, and their challenges. The intensive research on homogeneous chemical catalysts points to the challenges in using high free fatty acids containing oils, such as waste cooking oils and animal fats. The problems faced are soap formation and the difficulty in product separation. On the other hand, heterogeneous catalysts are more preferable in biodiesel synthesis due to their ease of separation and reusability. However, in-depth studies show the limited activity and selectivity issues. Using biomass waste-based catalysts can reduce the biodiesel production cost as the materials are readily available and cheap. The use of an enzymatic approach has gained precedence in recent times. Additionally, immobilization of these enzymes has also improved the statistics because of their excellent functional properties like easy separation and reusability. However, free/liquid lipases are also growing faster due to better mass transfer with reactants. Biocatalysts are exceptional in good selectivity and mild operational conditions, but attractive features are veiled with the operational costs. Nanocatalysts play a vital role in heterogeneous catalysis and lipase immobilization due to their excellent selectivity, reactivity, faster reaction rates owing to their higher surface area, and easy recovery from the products and reuse for several cycles.

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Section: Catalysis In Transesterificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Production Using Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, and Enzyme Catalysts via Transesterification and Esterification Reactions: a Critical Review

2021

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“…Fatty acid alkyl esters (FAAEs, commonly used as biodiesel) can serve as a drop-in alternative to fossil fuel-based diesel fuel in compression–ignition engines. The presence of oxygen, comprising 10% of the FAAE, promotes complete combustion of the fuel and the reduction of harmful emissions. , Additionally, biodiesel has a higher cetane number, flash point, and lubricity than diesel, which reduces its volatility and increases safety during transport and use. , Beyond fuel, FAAEs can be used in several other applications, including as plasticizers, lubricants, and solvents − due to their biodegradability, low toxicity, and other favorable properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Analysis of Interesterification for Biodiesel Production

2023

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Interesterification is an alternative reaction for the production of fatty acid alkyl esters from triglycerides, a pathway that avoids unwanted byproduct formation. In this work, the technical and economic feasibility of soybean oil interesterification for biodiesel production on a commercial scale is assessed. The interesterification kinetics of triolein (model soybean oil) and methyl acetate using ferric sulfate as a heterogeneous acid catalyst are experimentally determined, and the results are used to parameterize a kinetic model. Process simulations are developed using Aspen Plus V11 for acid and alkaline heterogeneously catalyzed interesterification plants at varying production rates and methyl acetate-to-oil molar ratios (MAOMRs). At all production capacities and MAOMRs tested, the acid-catalyzed processes are found to have more favorable process energy consumption and profitability metrics compared to the alkaline-catalyzed processes. The most economically promising design operates at a production capacity of 30,000 metric tons/yr and an MAOMR of 10:1 with a net present value of $34 million after 20 years and a biodiesel breakeven price of $0.78/kg. This case has a process energy demand of 35,000 MJ/h, resulting in a process energy ratio of 0.25. This work indicates that interesterification shows commercial viability and is a promising alternative to transesterification for biodiesel production.

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“…In this work, we report the hydrogen coverage effect on the adsorption of the oxygenated molecule on MoS 2 using density functional theory (DFT) calculation. We choose methyl formate as the oxygenated molecule since it has the same ester functional group as triglyceride, commonly used as raw material in HDO for green diesel production. − Moreover, several recent works also used methyl formate in triglyceride interesterification for biodiesel production. , We only consider the perfect Mo-edge of MoS 2 (see left panel of Figure ) since adsorption on the other edge (S-edge) is weaker for both hydrogen and ester molecules . Note that under reaction conditions the perfect Mo-edge may be saturated with sulfur atoms, rendering it unreactive .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Hydrogen Coverage Trend on Methyl Formate Adsorption on MoS₂ Surface: A First Principles Study

et al. 2023

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Adsorbates coverage plays a crucial role in a catalysis reaction. In hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), which involves high hydrogen pressure, hydrogen coverage on the surface may affect the adsorption of other adsorbates. The HDO is used in green diesel technology to produce clean and renewable energy from organic compounds. This motivates us to study the hydrogen coverage effect on methyl formate adsorption on MoS2 as a model case of the actual HDO. We calculate the methyl formate adsorption energy as a function of hydrogen coverage using density functional theory (DFT) and then comprehensively analyze the physical origin of the results. We find that methyl formate can have several adsorption modes on the surface. The increased hydrogen coverage can stabilize or destabilize these adsorption modes. However, finally, it leads to convergence at high hydrogen coverage. We extrapolated the trend further and concluded that some adsorption modes might not exist at high hydrogen coverage, while others remain.

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Biodiesel production by interesterification of rapeseed oil with methyl formate in presence of potassium alkoxides

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

Biodiesel Production Using Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, and Enzyme Catalysts via Transesterification and Esterification Reactions: a Critical Review

Biodiesel Production Using Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, and Enzyme Catalysts via Transesterification and Esterification Reactions: a Critical Review

Techno-Economic Analysis of Interesterification for Biodiesel Production

Impact of Hydrogen Coverage Trend on Methyl Formate Adsorption on MoS₂ Surface: A First Principles Study

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Biodiesel production by interesterification of rapeseed oil with methyl formate in presence of potassium alkoxides

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

Biodiesel Production Using Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, and Enzyme Catalysts via Transesterification and Esterification Reactions: a Critical Review

Biodiesel Production Using Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, and Enzyme Catalysts via Transesterification and Esterification Reactions: a Critical Review

Techno-Economic Analysis of Interesterification for Biodiesel Production

Impact of Hydrogen Coverage Trend on Methyl Formate Adsorption on MoS2 Surface: A First Principles Study

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Impact of Hydrogen Coverage Trend on Methyl Formate Adsorption on MoS₂ Surface: A First Principles Study