Biodiesel production catalyzed by cinder supported CaO/KF particle catalyst

Liu, Hui; Su, Lingyan; Shao, Yongbo; Zou, Ling

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2012.02.002

Cited by 85 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The TOF was boosted from 7.61 9 10 -3 to 1.11 9 10 -2 mol s -1 mol -1 when the catalyst amount increased from 1 % to 3 wt%, whereas, a superfluous amount of catalyst resulted in a decline in the TOF. This may be due to an increase in catalysts amount shortening the time until equilibrium [22]. The dependence of the biodiesel yield and TOF on the reaction time was also examined.…”

Section: Influence Of Reaction Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, some loaded composite catalysts were developed, such as KF/Ca-Mg-Al [18], KF/Ca-Al [19], KF/CaO/MgO [20], KF/CaO-Fe 3 O 4 [21], which showed higher activity than their single constituent oxides. For example, biodiesel production catalyzed by cinder-supported CaO/KF particles showed both high activity and good stability, but was sensitive to FFAs in oil feedstocks [22]. Additionally, different kinds of clays such as zeolite [23], dolomite [24] and kaolin [25] have been employed as heterogeneous catalyst or catalyst supports in biodiesel production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Montmorillonite-supported KF/CaO: a new solid base catalyst for biodiesel production

Jia

Chen

et al. 2015

Res Chem Intermed

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Biodiesel is an alternative to petroleum-derived diesel fuel; development of a high-efficiency base catalyst to be used in heterogeneous biodiesel production is still a challenge. In this paper, a novel solid base catalyst, KF-and CaOsupported montmorillonite (KCa/MMT) was successfully synthesized by a facile impregnation method, and used for producing biodiesel in transesterification of commercial soybean oil with methanol. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, carbon dioxide temperature-programmed desorption and scanning electron microscopy. Effects of the parameters, such as the loading amount of KF, the amount of KCa/MMT, and the methanol to oil molar ratios, on the yield of biodiesel were investigated. A maximum biodiesel yield of 98 % was obtained under the optimal reaction conditions. The separated catalyst can be directly used in the next round of reactions and gave a satisfactory yield. Furthermore, analysis of the catalyst's tolerance to oil-containing water or free fatty acids, and a kinetic study were also carried out. Koros-Nowak tests were designed and conducted, and it was proven that the heat and mass transfer were not limited by the reaction rate.

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Section: Influence Of Reaction Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Montmorillonite-supported KF/CaO: a new solid base catalyst for biodiesel production

Jia

Chen

et al. 2015

Res Chem Intermed

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“…This is because the sample is in the oxide form. The isolated particles were reasonably isotropic [2,8].…”

Section: Catalyst Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Among the options explored for alternative energy sources, biodiesel is one of the attractive alternatives due to its renewability, biodegradability, and non-toxicity [2]. It is usually produced via esterification or transesterification using acidic or basic catalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Production of Biodiesel from Rubber Seed Oil Using a Packed Bed Reactor with BaCl2 Impregnated CaO as Catalyst

Buasri

Loryuenyong

2018

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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The goal of this research was to test barium chloride (BaCl2) impregnated calcined razor clam shell as a solid catalyst for transesterification of rubber seed oil (RSO) in a packed bed reactor (PBR). The waste razor clam shells were crushed, ground, and calcined at 900 °C in a furnace for 2 h to derive calcium oxide (CaO) particles. Subsequently, the calcined shells were impregnated with BaCl2 by wet impregnation method and recalcined at 300 °C for 2 h. The synthesized catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, and basic strength measurements. The effects of various parameters such as residence time, reaction temperature, methanol/oil molar ratio, and catalyst bed length on the yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) were determined. The BaCl2/CaO catalyst exhibited much higher catalytic activity and stability than CaO catalyst influenced by the basicity of the doped catalyst. The maximum fatty acid methyl ester yield was 98.7 % under optimum conditions (residence time 2.0 h, reaction temperature 60 °C, methanol/oil molar ratio 12:1, and catalyst bed length 200 mm). After 6 consecutive reactions without any treatment, fatty acid methyl ester yield reduced to 83.1 %. The option of using waste razor clam shell for the production of transesterification catalysts could have economic benefits to the aquaculture and food industries.

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“…The accurate amounts of the world's total fossil fuel reserves are not known. However, it has been forecasted by the International Energy Agency that the global peak in oil production will be between 1996 and 2035 (Kumar et al, 2009;Hansen et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2012;Demirbas, 2008;Sinag, 2012;Shirazi et al, 2013;Hamze et al, 2013aHamze et al, , 2014b. Furthermore, the increase in crude oil prices and the pollution caused by petroleum-based energy sources have created serious environmental problems, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on conversion of biomass to biofuel by nanocatalysts

Akia¹,

Yazdani²,

Motaee³

et al. 2014

Biofuel Res. J.

231

101

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HIGHLIGHTSSignificant improvements in biomass conversion using nanocatalysts. Feasibility of utilization milder operating conditions by using nanocatalysts compared to the bulk catalysts. The role of nanocatalysts to overcome some challenges in biomass conversion, improving the products quality. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACTProducts from nanocatalytic conversion of biomass The world's increasing demand for energy has led to an increase in fossil fuel consumption. However this source of energy is limited and is accompanied with pollution problems. The availability and wide diversity of biomass resources have made them an attractive and promising source of energy. The conversion of biomass to biofuel has resulted in the production of liquid and gaseous fuels that can be used for different means methods such as thermochemical and biological processes. Thermochemical processes as a major conversion route which include gasification and direct liquefaction are applied to convert biomass to more useful biofuel. Catalytic processes are increasingly applied in biofuel development. Nanocatalysts play an important role in improving product quality and achieving optimal operating conditions. Nanocatalysts with a high specific surface area and high catalytic activity may solve the most common problems of heterogeneous catalysts such as mass transfer resistance, time consumption, fast deactivation and inefficiency. In this regard attempts to develop new types of nanocatalysts have been increased. Among the different biofuels produced from biomass, biodiesel has attained a great deal of attention. Nanocatalytic conversion of biomass to biodiesel has been reported using different edible and nonedible feedstock. In most research studies, the application of nanocatalysts improves yield efficiency at relatively milder operating conditions compared to the bulk catalysts. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT

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Biodiesel production catalyzed by cinder supported CaO/KF particle catalyst

Cited by 85 publications

References 37 publications

Montmorillonite-supported KF/CaO: a new solid base catalyst for biodiesel production

Montmorillonite-supported KF/CaO: a new solid base catalyst for biodiesel production

Continuous Production of Biodiesel from Rubber Seed Oil Using a Packed Bed Reactor with BaCl2 Impregnated CaO as Catalyst

A review on conversion of biomass to biofuel by nanocatalysts

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