Biodiesel production from crude palm oil (CPO) through variation steps of esterification-transesterification and its evaluations

Hendro, Juwono; Zahra, Harmaini Safana

doi:10.1063/5.0206695

AIP Conference Proceedings

2024

DOI: 10.1063/5.0206695

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Biodiesel production from crude palm oil (CPO) through variation steps of esterification-transesterification and its evaluations

Juwono Hendro,

Harmaini Safana Zahra

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

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The Emissions of a Compression-Ignition Engine Fuelled by a Mixture of Crude Oil and Biodiesel from the Lipids Accumulated in the Waste Glycerol-Fed Culture of Schizochytrium sp.

Zieliński,

Dębowski,

Kazimierowicz

et al. 2024

Energies

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Microalgae are considered to be a promising and prospective source of lipids for the production of biocomponents for conventional liquid fuels. The available sources contain a lot of information about the cultivation of biomass and the amounts and composition of the resulting bio-oils. However, there is a lack of reliable and verified data on the impact of fuel blends based on microalgae biodiesel on the quality of the emitted exhaust gas. Therefore, the main objective of the study was to present the emission characteristics of a compression-ignition engine fuelled with a blend of diesel fuel and biodiesel produced from the lipids accumulated in the biomass of a heterotrophic culture of Schizochytrium sp. The final concentrations of microalgal biomass and lipids in the culture were 140.7 ± 13.9 g/L and 58.2 ± 1.1 g/L, respectively. The composition of fatty acids in the lipid fraction was dominated by decosahexaenoic acid (43.8 ± 2.8%) and palmitic acid (40.4 ± 2.8%). All parameters of the bio-oil met the requirements of the EN 14214 standard. It was found that the use of bio-components allowed lower concentrations of hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas, ranging between 33 ± 2 ppm and 38 ± 7 ppm, depending on the load level of the engine. For smoke opacity, lower emissions were found in the range of 50–100% engine load levels, where the observed content was between 23 ± 4% and 53 ± 8%.

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The Emissions of a Compression-Ignition Engine Fuelled by a Mixture of Crude Oil and Biodiesel from the Lipids Accumulated in the Waste Glycerol-Fed Culture of Schizochytrium sp.

Zieliński,

Dębowski,

Kazimierowicz

et al. 2024

Energies

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Computational and Experimental Studies on the Behavior of Sprays with Different Orifice Characteristics and Fuel Properties of Biodiesel Crude Palm Oil (CPO) on a Premix Injector—A Comprehensive Review

Didane,

Chin,

Khalid

2024

Processes

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Large-scale industrial burners are essential components in various industries including power generation and chemical processing. Enhancing their energy efficiency and reducing emissions, particularly nitrogen oxides (NOx), requires a combination of experimental research and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. While there exist numerous emission control techniques, the main focus of the present review study was the passive control technique. The result of this review indicates that biodiesel fuel crude palm oil (CPO) was found to reduce emission components, particularly carbon components and particulate matter (PM). Moreover, it also mitigates cavitation within the injector’s orifice, reducing wear and tear. Although cavitation enhances spray atomization and creates finer droplets for improved combustion, it can damage injector orifices. Optimizing the orifice design, such as by adopting conical orifices over cylindrical ones, can significantly reduce cavitation and its adverse effects. Furthermore, innovations such as swirling fuel–air premixing within injectors enhance combustion efficiency and lower emissions by improving fuel–air mixing. However, spray characteristics, particularly the Sauter mean diameter (SMD), remain critical for predicting combustion performance. Further investigations into spray fineness and its impact on combustion dynamics are essential for advancing emission control and performance optimization.

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Biodiesel production from crude palm oil (CPO) through variation steps of esterification-transesterification and its evaluations

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

The Emissions of a Compression-Ignition Engine Fuelled by a Mixture of Crude Oil and Biodiesel from the Lipids Accumulated in the Waste Glycerol-Fed Culture of Schizochytrium sp.

The Emissions of a Compression-Ignition Engine Fuelled by a Mixture of Crude Oil and Biodiesel from the Lipids Accumulated in the Waste Glycerol-Fed Culture of Schizochytrium sp.

Computational and Experimental Studies on the Behavior of Sprays with Different Orifice Characteristics and Fuel Properties of Biodiesel Crude Palm Oil (CPO) on a Premix Injector—A Comprehensive Review

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