Biodiesel Production from Crude Palm Oil Using Kapok Skin KOH (&lt;i&gt;Ceiba Pentandra&lt;/i&gt;) Catalyst as Solid Green Catalyst

Jalaluddin, Jalaluddin; Ginting, Zainuddin; Maliki, S; Setiawan, Arif; Zulfa, Zulfa

doi:10.12911/22998993/147404

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This happens because soaking with lime water is a strong alkaline compound, where soaking with strong alkali can cause the breakdown of lignin and cellulose bonds. According to [13] explained in his research that alkali treatment can stretch the bonds of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose so as to reduce the content of crude fibre.…”

Section: Crude Fiber Content Of Mangrove Fruit Boilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soaking mangrove fruit (Sonneratia alba) with lime water on crude protein, crude fiber, and nitrogen free extract content as a ruminant feed

Ikhlas,

Jamarun,

Elihasridas

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The mangrove plant is among the strees found growing in the seaside zone, one part by the mangrove plant that Could be utilized as livestock feed for ruminants is mangrove fruit. Mangrove fruit is usually rarely used so it only rots and pollutes the coast. The aim in thus study is to see effects by mangrove fruit tannin reduction with lime water on crude protein, crude fiber, and NFE content. This study used 4x3 Faktorial pattern group randominsation plan using 2 seplicates. The first factor is the concentration by lime water with 4 levels, that is T1 (1% lime water), T2 (3% lime water), T3 (5% lime water), T4 (7% lime water). The second factor is different soaking times with 3 times, namely 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes. The conclusion of the research on soaking mangrove fruit with lime water gives a very significantly different effect on crude protein, crude fibre, and NFE content. The highest crude protein content is in the A1B1 treatment with a grade of 8.1%, the best crude fibre was in the A3B3 treatment with a value of 24.91%, and NFE was in the A1B1 treatment with a value of 58.07%.

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Section: Crude Fiber Content Of Mangrove Fruit Boilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soaking mangrove fruit (Sonneratia alba) with lime water on crude protein, crude fiber, and nitrogen free extract content as a ruminant feed

Ikhlas,

Jamarun,

Elihasridas

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…The regression function was expressed as a second-order polynomial in multiple variables given by the following: (12) where: %E is the methyl ester content (wt.%), A is the molar ratio of MeOH to RPO, K is the KOH concentration, L is the SM length, T is the residence time and β is the coefficient value, as reported in Table 7.…”

Section: Statistical Analysis and Predicted Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biodiesel is derived from biological sources such as vegetable oils or animal fats [11]. Its production involves a chemical reaction known as transesterification reaction [12], wherein these feedstocks are reacted with a suitable alcohol (typically methanol or ethanol) in the presence of a suitable catalyst [13]. Depending on this reaction, the catalyst used can be an acid, base, or enzyme [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology for Biodiesel Production by Double-Pipe Static Mixer Reactor

Attahiran,

Prasertsit,

Photaworn

2024

J. Ecol. Eng.

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This study investigates continuous biodiesel production from refined palm oil (RPO) using a 250-cm-length double-pipe static mixer (DPSM), mixing elements were employed first with the low-pressure drop static mixer (LPD-SM) and second with the Kenics Static Mixer (K-SM). Four key independent parameters in the transesterification reaction -methanol (MeOH) to RPO molar ratio, KOH concentration, static mixer length, and residence time -were optimized to achieve the desired methyl ester content (%E, wt.%), set at 96.5 wt.%. From response surface methodology (RSM), The optimal conditions of LPD-SM were MeOH to RPO molar ratio at 5:1, KOH concentration at 0.76 wt.% of RPO, 250 cm static mixer length, and 7.7 min residence time. Conversely, K-SM showed optimal conditions with MeOH to RPO molar ratio at 5.5:1, KOH concentration at 0.81 wt.% of RPO, 250 cm static mixer length, and 7.2 min residence time. Statistical analysis revealed KOH concentration as the most influential parameter, followed by residence time, static mixer length, and MeOH to RPO molar ratio, respectively. In summary, LPD-SM outperformed K-SM in reducing the amount of alcohol and catalyst consumption while maintaining %E at the set point, highlighting its potential as an efficient, sustainable approach for biodiesel production from RPO using a DPSM.

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“…In this research, the author would like to improve by using Nipah skin ash as a catalyst in the production of biodiesel made from waste cooking oil. Nipah fruit leather chemically contains inorganic elements such as Na, K, Cl, Mg, Ca, Si, P, S, and Al so that it can be applied as a heterogen base catalyst in biodiesel [6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic Study of Biodiesel from Used Cooking Oil using Nipah Skin Ash as a Heterogeneous Catalyst

Ginting¹,

Mulyawan²,

Meriatna³

et al. 2023

IJFAC

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One type of renewable alternative energy that has great potential to be developed is biodiesel. Biodiesel is a fuel consisting of a mixture of mono-alkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids made from renewable sources such as vegetable oils or animal fats. Such as vegetable oils or animal fats. One of the vegetable oil products that can be used as feedstock for biodiesel production is used cooking oil. Used cooking oil is used oil. The purpose of this research is to study the characteristics of the effect of catalyst mass, the ratio of used cooking oil mole to methanol mole, and the effect of adding THF 1:1 co-solvent on the purity of biodiesel using heterogeneous catalyst ash derived from Nipah fruit skin calcined at 500°C for 4 hours. The process variables were transesterification reaction time 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes, a mole ratio of methanol to oil 1:19, 1:21, and 1:23 with the addition of THF: methanol v/v 1:1 co-solvent. Biodiesel properties such as density, viscosity, moisture content, and acid number were evaluated and compared with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The characteristics of biodiesel were obtained with a density of 860.2 Kg/m3 and a viscosity of 2.37 mm2/s. They contained 44.14% Palmitic acid and 43.04% Octadecenoic acid (oleic), following the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The maximum yield obtained was 93.3598% using a mole ratio of oil: methanol 1:23 at 60°C for 120 minutes, TFT 1:1, and 3% catalyst mass. The results obtained in this study indicate that heterogeneous catalysts made from kapok skin can be used to produce biodiesel. Adding TFT co-solvent can increase biodiesel production and methyl ester yield so that high purity is obtained.

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Biodiesel Production from Crude Palm Oil Using Kapok Skin KOH (<i>Ceiba Pentandra</i>) Catalyst as Solid Green Catalyst

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of soaking mangrove fruit (Sonneratia alba) with lime water on crude protein, crude fiber, and nitrogen free extract content as a ruminant feed

Effect of soaking mangrove fruit (Sonneratia alba) with lime water on crude protein, crude fiber, and nitrogen free extract content as a ruminant feed

Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology for Biodiesel Production by Double-Pipe Static Mixer Reactor

Characteristic Study of Biodiesel from Used Cooking Oil using Nipah Skin Ash as a Heterogeneous Catalyst

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