Biodiesel production from non-edible plant oils

Banković–Ilić, Ivana B.; Stamenković, Olivera S.; Veljković, Vlada B.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2012.03.002

Cited by 440 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 173 publications

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“…Ricinoleic acid, in which there is a hydroxyl group, shows special chemical and physical properties such as high density and viscosity, high hygroscopicity, low iodine value and high solubility in alcohols. The latter property promotes transesterification reaction even at low temperature [8], [26]. The use of acid or basic catalysis in transesterification reaction depends on the acid value of the raw material.…”

Section: A Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, a value up to 2 mg KOH ·g -1 is suitable to use a basic catalyst [27]. The acid value of the oil used in this work is 1.19 mg KOH ·g -1 , therefore potassium methoxide was used as a catalyst in transesterification reaction; as far as basic catalysts are preferable in the case of oils with low acid value [26] and methoxides are more active than hydroxides [6]. In this work were studied the effects of the most important variables in the transesterification of castor oil under subcritical methanol conditions.…”

Section: A Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodiesel Production from Castor Oil under Subcritical Methanol Conditions

Sánchez‍¹,

Martín²,

Martínez³

et al. 2015

IJESD

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Abstract-Biodiesel is a potentially sustainably renewable fuel for diesel engines; transesterification is the most used method to produce it and high quality vegetable oils are the most usual raw material. Non-edible vegetable oils such as castor oil can provide an alternative feedstock. In this work biodiesel was obtained by transesterification of castor oil with subcritical methanol; the reaction was carried out in an hermetic reactor at temperatures higher than methanol boiling point and with a small amount of potassium methoxide as catalyst. The effect of methanol:oil molar ratios were analyzed, observing that high proportion of alcohol is needed to reach high ester content, the best results were reached with 24:1 MeOH:oil molar ratio. Regarding catalyst concentration, 8.7 mM (0.12 wt%) were enough to achieve good results. A temperature of 150 º C and 1 h of reaction, at 10 bar, were the mildest conditions to reach an ester content higher than 90 wt %. The highest ester content, 94.7 wt %, was achieved at 220 º C, 36 bar and 4 h of reaction time. Hence good quality biodiesel from castor oil can be produced in subcritical methanol conditions, using a small amount of basic catalyst.

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Section: A Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Production from Castor Oil under Subcritical Methanol Conditions

Sánchez‍¹,

Martín²,

Martínez³

et al. 2015

IJESD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Non-edible oils, which are considered as second-generation biodiesel feedstock, currently contribute less than 5% of total global biodiesel production [13]. Therefore, second-generation biodiesels are yet to make a significant impact on the mainstream alternative energy system.…”

Section: Potential Second-generation Biodiesel Feedstocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence, the potential of second generation biodiesel is still largely unexplored and is yet develop as a mainstream transportation fuel. This is in spite of the fact that there are many such potential biodiesel feedstocks that have already been identified including oilseed plants [13][14][15] and marine algae [16,17]. The slow uptake of biofuels can be associated with the challenges of ensuring a consistent supply of feedstock, feedstock cost, and the lack of experimental data to prove the quality of the fuel (resulting in limited acceptance by consumers who are concerned about engine warranties and performance) [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Artificial Neural Networks for Identifying Sustainable Biodiesel Feedstocks

et al. 2013

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Abstract:Over the past few decades, biodiesel produced from oilseed crops and animal fat is receiving much attention as a renewable and sustainable alternative for automobile engine fuels, and particularly petroleum diesel. However, current biodiesel production is heavily dependent on edible oil feedstocks which are unlikely to be sustainable in the longer term due to the rising food prices and the concerns about automobile engine durability. Therefore, there is an urgent need for researchers to identify and develop sustainable biodiesel feedstocks which overcome the disadvantages of current ones. On the other hand, artificial neural network (ANN) modeling has been successfully used in recent years to gain new knowledge in various disciplines. The main goal of this article is to review recent literatures and assess the state of the art on the use of ANN as a modeling tool for future generation biodiesel feedstocks. Biodiesel feedstocks, production processes, chemical compositions, standards, physio-chemical properties and in-use performance are discussed. Limitations of current biodiesel feedstocks over future generation biodiesel feedstock have been identified. The application of ANN in modeling key biodiesel quality parameters and combustion performance in automobile engines is also discussed. This review has determined that ANN modeling has a high potential to contribute to the development of renewable energy systems by accelerating biodiesel research.

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“…The extensive use of fossil fuels also caused severe atmospheric pollution and growing concerns about global warming due to the emissions of greenhouse gases [1]. From the socioeconomic point of view, the political environment in the greatest oil-exporting region is unstable as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%