Biodiesel production using calcium‐based catalyst from venus shell: Modeling of startup production in an industrial reactor

Abstract

Calcium oxide‐based catalyst was produced from Venus shell by fast fluidized bed calcination for biodiesel synthesis. The kinetics of biodiesel synthesis was found to be a pseudo‐first‐order reaction at the experimental conditions. The obtained kinetic parameters were used for modeling the startup operation of biodiesel production in an industrial continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The model was found to agree well with the reagent concentration and temperature profiles in a real production practice during biodiesel production. The variations of initial temperature, initial reagent concentration in the reactor was investigated. It was found that the reagent concentration and temperature oscillated around the final steady state. From safety operation perspective, the first 4 h were found to be the most unsteady period during continuous production. The initial concentration of waste fry oil (WFO) was also found to be critical to the safe operation of CSTR. A violation of the settings for safe operation of CSTR will be triggered once the initial concentration of WFO in CSTR reaches 500 mol m−3. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13053, 2019

Preparation of Catalyst from Phosphorous Rock Using an Improved Wet Process for Transesterification Reaction

“…The detailed characterization of all reagents, experimental setting-up, and detailed calculation steps can be found from previously reported works . To investigate the impact of upstream preparation parameters upon the catalytic performance, previously optimized catalytic conditions were used in this work as follows: 65 °C, 750 rpm (continuous stirring), 8 h (duration), 5 wt % (catalyst loading), 8 (methanol to oil ratio) at ambient pressure in a three-neck, and round-bottom flask . To estimate the conversion of transesterification, the constructed standard curves of the representative compounds of those fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), such as salicylate, stearate, oleate, linoleate, and so forth, were used and the conversion on time of stream (TOS) was calculated as follows , where FAME t = t is the FAME at time t , C t (−) is the conversion, M FAME t =0 (kg) and M FAME t = t (kg) are the masses of FAME before and after the transesterification reaction, and M oil t =0 (kg) is the overall mass of liquid product prior to the reaction.…”

“…26 To investigate the impact of upstream preparation parameters upon the catalytic performance, previously optimized catalytic conditions were used in this work as follows: 65 °C, 750 rpm (continuous stirring), 8 h (duration), 5 wt % (catalyst loading), 8 (methanol to oil ratio) at ambient pressure in a three-neck, and round-bottom flask. 27 To estimate the conversion of transesterification, the constructed standard curves of the representative compounds of those fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), such as salicylate, stearate, oleate, linoleate, and so forth, were used and the conversion on time of stream (TOS) was calculated as follows 28,29 C M…”

An experimental study on synthesis of ternary biodiesel through potassium hydroxide catalyst transesterification

“…2 Finding a suitable fuel to replace diesel while also improving the performance of diesel engines reduces emissions due to unburned hydrocarbons (UBHC). 3 The most recent technology suitable for an alternative is bio-diesel, which is blended with diesel to power the SCDE. It provides the opportunity to reduce emissions because of characteristics such as renewable, locally available, environmentally friendly, non-toxic, bio-decomposable, and non-contaminated.…”

Universal Kinetic Model to Simulate Two-Step Biodiesel Production from Vegetable Oil

“…However, only a few kinetic studies about enzyme-or lipase-assisted transesterification have been reported [22][23][24]. More recently, the use of new catalysts, e.g., barium cerate [25], metal oxide mixed Sr-Ce [26], Li/NaY (zeolite) [27], lithium-based chicken bone (Li-Cb) composite [28], calcium oxide from seashell [29], graphene [30] or solid acidic ionic liquid polymer [31] have been included in kinetic studies. Despite the potential of microalgal and microbial oil for biodiesel production [8], kinetic models have not yet been developed.…”