Biodiesel production using Chlor-alkali brine sludge waste as a heterogeneous catalyst: optimisation using response surface methodology

Production of Biodiesel Using Phosphate Rock as a Heterogeneous Catalyst. An Optimized Process Using Surface Response Methodology

“…This could be attributed to the fact that maximum increase of the catalyst beyond the optimum amount results in an increase of the catalysts mass transfer resistance, which consequently causes increased mixing difficulty of the reactants [29]. Another possible explanation is that excess catalyst results in an increase in glycerine viscosity, which lowers the ester yield in the long run [30]. On the other hand, when the methanol to oil molar ratio was increased from10:1 to 14:1, there was a significant increase in ester yield consequently up to the maximum value.…”