Biodiversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi in surface mine spoil restoration stands in Poland – first time recorded, rare, and red-listed species

Abstract

Results of mycological research conducted in the years 2001-2013 in the restoration stands growing on reclaimed mine spoils are presented. Four opencast lignite mine spoil heaps in Poland were examined: Pątnów-Jóźwin, Adamów, Mt Kamieńsk, and Turów. The paper focuses on 71 species of ectomycorrhizal fungi: recorded for the first time in the country (16 taxa), currently red-listed (23 taxa), known from few localities only (32 taxa). Notes on their ecology and habitats are provided, as well as their distribution in Europe and in Poland. Restoration tree stands, established as part of the reclamation process of mine spoils, form a unique habitat for many rare and interesting fungal taxa. Among them are pioneer species, species known mainly from Northern Europe or mountainous locations, highly specialized and narrow-niche taxa, and many threatened species. Afforested mine spoils contribute significantly to the fungal biodiversity, both at a local and at a larger scale.

Fungal diversity notes 1387–1511: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa

“…The presence of Betula or Salix in the vicinity cannot be excluded. As at the same locality many rare species of northern distribution have been found (Kałucka et al 2016 ), we suspect that the species can occur also in Northern Europe. Cortinarius alutarius has finely tomentose-floccose dark rusty brown cap drying to light ochraceous brown, ochraceous brown stipe darkening from base upwards and ellipsoid-obovoid moderately verrucose spores (Fig.…”

The Known, the Unknown, and the Expected: 130 Years of Research on Non-Lichenized Fungi and Fungus-Like Organisms in the Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland

“…and Pouzar and Pluteus albineus Bonnard) and genera (Coprinus and Lepiota) [108][109][110][111][112], as well as in the ecological studies [40,113]. Some fragmentary data from BPF have also been reported or discussed in other papers (i.e., [114][115][116]). Some essential data on diverse fungal groups were collected in Białowieża forests in 2019 during the rapid biodiversity inventory called bioblitz designed for quick collection of site-specific survey data, held during the 18th Congress of European Mycologists [117].…”

Contribution to Knowledge of Mycobiota of the Wielkopolski National Park (W Poland), Part 2

“…Notes. In Poland, known from Kamieńsk Mt (Kałucka et al, 2016) and mycorrhizal associations (Leski et al, 2010;as P. involutus). Specimens Examined.…”