Biodiversity of Grylloblattodea and Mantophasmatodea

Eberhard, Monika J. B.; Schoville, Sean D.; Klass, Klaus‐Dieter

doi:10.1002/9781118945582.ch13

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…While the lineages occupy highly divergent habitat and thermal niche space, they are notable among Polyneopteran insects in sharing complete wing loss. It is unclear if winglessness is a synapomorphy, or an independently derived character state in both lineages (Eberhard et al., 2018). Though fully winged fossils have been assigned to Grylloblattodea (Storozhenko & Aristov, 2014; Yingying, Béthoux, Chungkun, & Dong, 2010), there is some controversy over the placement of these fossils as ancestors to extant Grylloblattodea due to the lack of diagnostic synapomorphies (Wipfler et al., 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptomics of ice‐crawlers demonstrates cold specialization constrains niche evolution in a relict lineage

Schoville

Simon

Bai

et al. 2020

Evolutionary Applications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptomics of ice‐crawlers demonstrates cold specialization constrains niche evolution in a relict lineage

Schoville

Simon

Bai

et al. 2020

Evolutionary Applications

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“…Grylloblattodea contains 47 families, including 46 fossil families (from the Late Carboniferous period) and Grylloblattidae (the common name: icebugs/ice crawlers) that contains all extant 40 species and subspecies in five genera ( Grylloblatta , Grylloblattina , Galloisiana , Namkungia , and Grylloblattella ) (Aristov & Zessin, 2009; Bai et al, 2010; Storozhenko, 1992, 1997). However, the relationships between Grylloblattidae and the fossil families remain unclear (Eberhard et al, 2018). Therefore, the study of Grylloblattidae is of significant for exploring the origin and evolution of insects with the succession of geological history (Cui et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptions of a new genus and a new species, Grylloprimevala jilina (Grylloblattidae) from China

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Grylloblattodea is known as the only "living fossil" of insects (Crampton, 1926;Walker, 1937), retaining primitive features of Orthoptera along with features of Plecoptera, Embiodea, and Thysanura (Wang, 1999). As the only relict order of Insecta, Grylloblattodea is associated with the extinct Protoblattoidea and may be more closely related to Protorthoptera (Bai et al., 2010;Rasnitsyn, 2002). According to the studies on the distribution of fossil and extant families, Grylloblattodea are intermediates in the course of evolution from winged to wingless phenotypes and from ubiquitous to restricted distributions, and they represent a

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“…Mantophasmatodea (heelwalkers, Fig. 1 a) are the most recently discovered insect order [ 13 ], and with 21 species described to date, they are among the smallest insect orders currently known [ 14 ]. Skeletal characters of male and female genitalia have been used for taxonomic studies [ 15 – 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The – in many heelwalker species slightly asymmetric – cerci facilitate the coupling, acting as claspers [ 19 ]. Mating and genital coupling in this position can last up to 3 days until the couple separates [ 14 , 22 – 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetry of the male internal reproductive organs in Mantophasmatodea

Kreuz¹,

Eberhard²

2022

BMC Zool

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Background Asymmetries are a widespread phenomenon in otherwise bilaterally symmetric organisms, and investigation of asymmetric structures can help us gather insights into fundamental evolutionary processes such as the selection for morphological novelties caused by behavioural changes. In insects, asymmetric genitalia have evolved in almost every order, and usually it’s the sclerotized parts and most conspicuous male phallic organs that are known to exhibit asymmetries. While external copulatory organs in insects have often been subject to investigations concerning asymmetries and the evolution thereof, internal reproductive structures have received far less attention. Here we describe the internal and external male genitalia in three species of Austrophasmatidae, Mantophasmatodea, using μ-CT imaging and light microscopy. Mantophasmatodea is the most recently discovered insect order, and with 21 species described to date, it is among the smallest insect orders currently known. Results We confirm that male heelwalkers exhibit asymmetries in the external genitalia and associated structures, represented by asymmetric phallic lobes and cerci. Moreover, we found an extreme asymmetry within the internal male genitalia: in all adult males investigated (N = 5), the seminal vesicle, a dilatation of the vas deferens, was only developed on the right side of the male while missing on the left side. Conclusion The false-male-above mating position exhibited by Mantophasmatodea and especially the long copulation duration of ca. 3 days might select for this unusual absence asymmetry of the left seminal vesicle. If this holds true for all heelwalker species, this absence asymmetry constitutes another autapomorphy for Austrophasmatidae or even the insect order Mantophasmatodea.

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Biodiversity of Grylloblattodea and Mantophasmatodea

Cited by 11 publications

References 57 publications

Comparative transcriptomics of ice‐crawlers demonstrates cold specialization constrains niche evolution in a relict lineage

Comparative transcriptomics of ice‐crawlers demonstrates cold specialization constrains niche evolution in a relict lineage

Descriptions of a new genus and a new species, Grylloprimevala jilina (Grylloblattidae) from China

Asymmetry of the male internal reproductive organs in Mantophasmatodea

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