Biodiversity of moderately halophilic bacteria in hypersaline habitats in Egypt

Ghozlan, Hanan A.; Deif, Hisham; Kandil, Rania Abu; Sabry, Soraya A.

doi:10.2323/jgam.52.63

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Furthermore, Staphylococcus spp. have been isolated from a hypersaline lake and solar salterns that have NaCl as a principal salt (Brisou et al, ; Ghozlan et al, ). However, to our understanding, the presence of Staphylococcus sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Communities From the World's Largest Lithium Reserve, Salar de Atacama, Chile: Life at High LiCl Concentrations

et al. 2018

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Salar de Atacama is one of the largest global reservoirs of natural lithium brines (mean lithium concentration = 1,500 ppm), enabling Chile to be a leading producer of lithium products. This large salar (3,000 km 2 ), located in the Atacama Desert at 2,300 m above sea level, is dominated by microorganisms; however, little is known about the microbes present in the brines associated with this economically important mining process. Here we study lithium as a modulator of microbial richness and diversity in brines representing natural conditions (34.7% salinity) and conditions prior to lithium production with a concentrated brine (55.6% salinity). Brines only supported a single archaeal family (Halobacteriaceae): natural brines included the archaeal genera Halovenus, Natronomonas, Haloarcula, and Halobacterium. Concentrated brines included the archaeal genera Halovenus, Halobacterium, and Halococcus. The most abundant bacterial families in natural brine were Rhodothermaceae and Staphylococcaceae; Xanthomonadaceae dominated the bacterial community in the concentrated brine. A comparison of entire microbial community (Archaea and Bacteria) revealed that only seven operational taxonomic units were shared between samples, all of which were Archaea. Further, our results showed that Bacteria were phylogenetically more diverse and rich in the concentrated brine, while archaeal diversity was maximized in the natural brine. The concentrated lithium brines of the Salar de Atacama represent one of the most saline environments described to date (dominated by LiCl). We suggest that elevated concentrations of lithium could greatly modulate microbial diversity and give insights into the adaptive biology of microorganisms required to cope with extremely high concentrations of salts that extend beyond that of NaCl, a far more commonly studied salt.Plain Language Summary Lithium is a main component of many of the batteries that we rely on for our daily use. In the last years, nearly 40% of all lithium obtained globally was from a single fragile salt-lake ecosystem: Salar de Atacama in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile. This salar has extremely saline waters called brines (dominated by NaCl, aka table salt), which are naturally highly concentrated in lithium and concentrated in evaporation ponds. In total, concentrated brines has a salinity of 55.6% (ocean salinity = 0.3%), representing one of the most saline environments described on Earth to date (dominated by lithium chloride). Our research has shown that concentrated brines support life and are dominated by hundreds of species of microorganisms. Due to saline stress these "extremophiles" have developed very special (and previously undescribed) strategies to survive in this lithium soup. These results have implications beyond Earth: they have marked implications for our understanding for the potential for life on Mars, where liquid water is known to occur as brine. Although lithium production has clear economic importance, our results show that we should consider how we will pre...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Communities From the World's Largest Lithium Reserve, Salar de Atacama, Chile: Life at High LiCl Concentrations

et al. 2018

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“…Valdebenito and coworkers (2006) described how neutral or alkaline media affected siderophore type produced by E. coli Nissle 1917. Similar hypersaline study sites include salt marshes and salterns (Ghozlan et al 2006). Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces both pyoverdine and pyochelin siderophores and each one acts in different ways that contribute to pathogenicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces both pyoverdine and pyochelin siderophores and each one acts in different ways that contribute to pathogenicity. Halobacteriacea and Methanomicrobia are archaea phyla identified in hypersaline environments and haloarchaeal species (Haloferax volcanii, Halobacterium sp., Halogeometricum borinquense, Haloarcula and Halorubrum alkaliphilum among others) have been isolated, identified and sequenced (Anderson et al 2011;Ghozlan et al 2006;Sorokin et al 2014). In this case, pyochelin still provides iron to Pseudomonas aeruginosa allowing its growth and survival in spite of the host's innate immunity by means of restricting iron.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural characterization of amphiphilic siderophores produced by a soda lake isolate, Halomonas sp. SL01, reveals cysteine-, phenylalanine- and proline-containing head groups

2015

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Soap Lake, located in Washington State, is a naturally occurring saline and alkaline lake. Several organisms inhabiting this lake have been identified as producers of siderophores that are unique in structure. Bacterial isolates, enriched from Soap Lake sediment and water samples, were screened for siderophore production using both the chrome azurol S (CAS) agar plate and liquid methods. Bacterial isolate Halomonas sp. SL01 was found to produce relatively high concentrations of siderophores in liquid medium (up to 40 µM). Siderophores from the isolate were separated from the culture supernatant using solid phase extraction and purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Siderophore structure was determined using LC/MS/MS (liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry) and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) GC. Two distinct new families of amphiphilic siderophores were produced by isolate SL01. All siderophores ranged in size from 989 to 1096 atomic mass units and consisted of a conserved peptidic head group (per family), which coordinates iron, coupled to fatty acid moieties. The fatty acyl moieties were C10-C14 in length and some with hydroxyl substitutions at the third α position. These siderophores resembled amphiphilic aquachelin siderophores produced by Halomonas aquamarina strain DS40M3, a marine bacterium as well as siderophores from isolate Halomonas sp. SL28 that was found to produce amphiphilic siderophores. Bacteria thriving under saline and alkaline conditions are capable of producing unique siderophores resembling those produced by microbes inhabiting marine environments.

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“…Since 1990s, the moderately halophilic bacteria have attracted more and more interests of researchers due to their adaptability to a wide range of salinity. Studies have been carried out in different aspects of moderately halophilic bacteria, such as their physiology, ecology, taxonomy or phylogenetic relationships (Ventosa et al 1998b;Ghozlan et al 2006). There are evidences to show that the moderately halophilic bacteria have strong potential for promising applications as a source of compatible solutes, fermented foods, enzymes, polymers and degradation of toxic compounds (Canovas et al 1998;Ventosa et al 1998b;Mata et al 2002;Sanchez-Porro et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis and screening of antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from the Weihai Solar Saltern (China)

Chen

Wang

et al. 2009

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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A total of 45 moderately halophilic bacteria was isolated from sediment and saline water collected from the Weihai Solar Saltern (China). The phylogenetic position of all the isolated strains was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. The halophilic strains were tested for their antimicrobial activity. Cytotoxicity assay was performed to determine which of the halophilic strains could inhibit proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma Bel 7402 cells. Our results showed that all of the isolated 45 strains displayed moderately halophilic characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that 17 of the isolated strains were related to the phylum Firmicutes and belonged to four genera, Bacillus, Halobacillus, Planococcus and Salinicoccus. The other strains identified as genus of Halomonas belonged to phylum c-Proteobacteria. Most of the halophilic bacterial strains showed potent activities against Gram-positive bacteria, human pathogenic fungi and plant pathogenic fungi. In addition, the crude extracts from 14 halophilic bacterial strains showed cytotoxic activity against tumor cells Bel 7402, and five of them showed remarkable activities with IC 50 less than 40 lg ml -1 . Our results suggest that the moderately halophilic bacteria may be developed as promising sources for the discovery of novel bioactive substances.

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Biodiversity of moderately halophilic bacteria in hypersaline habitats in Egypt

Cited by 30 publications

References 32 publications

Microbial Communities From the World's Largest Lithium Reserve, Salar de Atacama, Chile: Life at High LiCl Concentrations

Microbial Communities From the World's Largest Lithium Reserve, Salar de Atacama, Chile: Life at High LiCl Concentrations

Structural characterization of amphiphilic siderophores produced by a soda lake isolate, Halomonas sp. SL01, reveals cysteine-, phenylalanine- and proline-containing head groups

Phylogenetic analysis and screening of antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from the Weihai Solar Saltern (China)

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