Bioelectrical impedance analysis as a laboratory activity: At the interface of physics and the body

Mylott, Elliot; Kutschera, E.; Widenhorn, Ralf

doi:10.1119/1.4866276

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…When the organism is placed in an electric field, the bound charge in the material molecule will respond to the applied electric field. The contained components are equivalent to the dielectric, and also affect the electrical effects such as impedance and capacitive reactance 15 . At present, the electrical characteristic detection technology has been widely used in the quality composition and quality monitoring of agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and cereals 16 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Rapid Sensing of Key Quality Components in Black Tea Fermentation Using Electrical Characteristics Coupled to Variables Selection Algorithms

Dong

Zhu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Based on the electrical characteristic detection technology, the quantitative prediction models of sensory score and physical and chemical quality Index (theaflavins, thearubigins, and theabrownins) were established by using the fermented products of Congou black tea as the research object. The variation law of electrical parameters during the process of fermentation and the effects of different standardized pretreatment methods and variable optimization methods on the models were discussed. The results showed that the electrical parameters vary regularly with the test frequency and fermentation time, and the substances that hinder the charge transfer increase gradually during the fermentation process. The Zero-mean normalization (Zscore) preprocessing method had the best noise reduction effect, and the prediction set correlation coefficient (Rp) value of the original data could be increased from 0.172 to 0.842. The mixed variable optimization method (MCUVE-CARS) of Monte Carlo uninformed variable elimination (MC UVE) and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) was proved that the characteristic electrical parameters were the loss factor (D) and reactance (X) of the low range. Based on the characteristic variables screened by MCUVE-CARS, the quantitative prediction models for each fermentation quality indicator were established. The Rp values of the sensory score, theaflavin, thearubigin and theabrownins of the predicted models were 0.924, 0.811, 0.85 and 0.938 respectively. The relative percent deviation (RPD) values of the sensory score, theaflavins, thearubigins and theabrownins of the predicted models were 2.593, 1.517, 1,851 and 2.920 respectively, and it showed that these models have good performance and could realize quantitative characterization of key fermentation quality indexes.Congou black tea is a kind of unique tea in China 1 . Fermentation is the key process of black tea processing. Its essence is the process of forming the specific quality and flavor of the black tea generated by the polyphenolic compounds undergoing enzymatic oxidation to form theaflavins (TFs), thearubigins (TRs) and theabrownins (TBs) after the damage of the cell membrane of fresh tea leaves 2-4 . In the actual production of black tea, the grasp of the degree of fermentation quality is mainly controlled by the tea masters, which is susceptible to environmental, psychological and subjective experience 5 . Physical and chemical detection methods are required to analyze the changes of endogenous components in order to accurately grasp the fermentation quality, but physical and chemical detection has the disadvantages of long cycle, high cost and poor timeliness 6 .Electrical measurement is a rapid non-destructive testing method that uses the electromagnetic characteristics of the substances that are to be tested to establish an intrinsic relationship with the contained components. K.H.Norian 7 explained Tetraethylammonium(TEA) can selectively block K+ channels by establishing the charge control model of ion channels. Based...

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confidence: 99%

Rapid Sensing of Key Quality Components in Black Tea Fermentation Using Electrical Characteristics Coupled to Variables Selection Algorithms

Dong

Zhu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…To overcome the disadvantage of the Mf-EIT system, we have built EIT which can break down two components of the body tissue impedance, namely resistive resistance and capacitance [23][24][25]. The concept used to break down two impedance components is by using the resistor capasitor RC series model [23,25], which has been applied to Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) devices. This method uses the properties of the circuit resistance, capacitance, impedance, and phase shift in the alternating current AC circuit.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This method uses the properties of the circuit resistance, capacitance, impedance, and phase shift in the alternating current AC circuit. The whole series and or parallel circuits consisting of resistors R and capacitors C has an equivalency to RC series [23,26]. The circuit consists of RC components in series and or parallel relationships, regardless of the number and value of RC it could be simplified in the final form of RC series with a certain value.…”

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confidence: 99%

Anomaly Detection Using Electric Impedance Tomography Based on Real and Imaginary Images

Sapuan

Yasin

Ain

et al. 2020

Sensors

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This research offers a method for separating the components of tissue impedance, namely resistance and capacitive reactance. Two objects that have similar impedance or low contrast can be improved through separating the real and imaginary images. This method requires an Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) device. EIT can obtain potential data and the phase angle between the current and the potential measured. In the future, the device is very suitable for imaging organs in the thorax and abdomen that have the same impedance but different resistance and capacitive reactance. This device consists of programmable generators, Voltage Controlled Current Source (VCCS), mulptiplexer-demultiplexer potential meters, and phase meters. Data collecting was done by employing neighboring, while reconstruction was used the linear back-projection method from two different data frequencies, namely 10 kHz and 100 kHz. Phantom used in this experiment consists of distillated water and a carrot as an anomaly. Potential and phase data from the device is reconstructed to produce impedance, real, and imaginary images. Image analysis is performed by comparing the three images to the phantom. The experimental results show that the device is reliable.

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“…First is an AC current source, which must be stable within working frequency range; second is a data acquisition system to record voltage, current, and their phase difference; and third is software for computing and displaying the impedance dispersion curves, which is commonly in the Bode plot or Nyquist plot.Furthermore, in an effort to provide a BIS instrumentation system in good performance, some researchers have offered the new design. Starting from precision AC current sources [26], the high accuracy data acquisition system [27,28], even the whole system device [29][30][31][32][33]. Commonly, the offered BIS instrumentation system is arranged in modular and work separately.…”

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confidence: 99%

Low-Cost, Compact, and Rapid Bio-Impedance Spectrometer with Real-Time Bode and Nyquist Plots

et al. 2020

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Bioelectric impedance spectroscopy (BIS) has been widely used to study the electrical properties of biological tissue based on the characteristics of the complex electrical impedance dispersions. One of the problems in using the BIS method is the length of time required for the data acquisition process and possibly data analysis as well. In this research, a compact and work rapidly BIS instrumentation system has been developed at a low cost. It is designed to work in the frequency range of 100 Hz to 100 kHz, which is generally used in the fields of biophysics and medical physics. The BIS instrumentation system is built using several integrated modules. The modules are an AC current source to produce a selectable injection current; a data acquisition system to measure voltage, current, and phase difference rapidly and simultaneously; and software to calculate and display measurement results in the form of Bode and Nyquist plots in real time. The developed BIS system has been validated using a simple RC circuit as the sample being tested. The average time needed in the process of data acquisition and analysis until the formation of impedance dispersion curves in the form of Bode and Nyquist plots, for 54 sample frequencies, is less than one minute. The system is able to identify R and C values of the sample with a maximum error of 1.5%. In addition, some simple application examples are also presented in this paper.

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Bioelectrical impedance analysis as a laboratory activity: At the interface of physics and the body

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Rapid Sensing of Key Quality Components in Black Tea Fermentation Using Electrical Characteristics Coupled to Variables Selection Algorithms

Rapid Sensing of Key Quality Components in Black Tea Fermentation Using Electrical Characteristics Coupled to Variables Selection Algorithms

Anomaly Detection Using Electric Impedance Tomography Based on Real and Imaginary Images

Low-Cost, Compact, and Rapid Bio-Impedance Spectrometer with Real-Time Bode and Nyquist Plots

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