Bioelectrochemical desalination and electricity generation in microbial desalination cell with dewatered sludge as fuel

Simultaneous Removal of Phenol and Dissolved Solids from Wastewater Using Multichambered Microbial Desalination Cell

“…In the present study, the TDS removal was observed in the multichambered MDC using mixture of pure culture of P. aeruginosa and mixed anaerobic sludge as anodic inoculum, which is higher as compared to other reported MDCs (Table 2) [9,[15][16][17]. Most of the MDCs were operated with easily biodegradable substrates (sodium acetate) to generate current to achieve desalination [9,15].…”

“…However, wastewater itself can be used as a source of energy for removal of dissolved solids from saline water. Attempts have been made by using domestic wastewater and dewatered sludge as sole substrate in anodic chamber of MDC for desalination [15,16], which exhibited high-power density (8.5 W/m 3 ) and low startup time of the system. Kalleary et al [17] reported the use of dye house effluent as organic substrate in MDC and achieved biodecolourization of this wastewater along with considerable desalination (57.6±0.2 %) and power production (3.01±0.04 mW/m 2 ).…”

Bioelectricity generation and dewatered sludge degradation in microbial capacitive desalination cell

“…5d). It was distinguishing from the persistent anodic conductivity increase in current MDC without the special assemblies, in which the anode conductivity increased from 1.99 ± 0.01 to18.65 ± 0.09 mS/cm during the 300-day operation (Meng et al 2014). The declined anode sludge conductivity would be beneficial for further dewatered sludge land use, such as the application for the soil amendment (Bastida et al 2008).…”

“…However, these systems still have the defect of slow startup and long-term operation instability because of liquid anodic substrate, such as sodium acetate and domestic wastewater (Forrestal et al 2012). It was indicated that using dewatered sludge as anodic substrate could reduce the startup period to 3 days, maintain anodic pH value between 6.6 and 7.6, enhance the stability of long-term operation (300 days), and 25.71 ± 0.15 % organic matter was removed and the maximum power output of 3.178 W/m 3 with open circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.118 V was produced (Meng et al 2014).…”

Enhancing Catalyst Efficiency of Activated Carbon for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Air Cathode Microbial Fuel Cell Application

“…Electrons are transferred through an external circuit to the cathode where are received by the terminal electron acceptor while protons migrate through the membrane or solution to the cathode to keep electrical neutrality which creates potential difference [1,5]. Several applications of this technology such as hydrogen gas production [6], hydrogen peroxide generation [7], desalination [8][9][10], remote sensors and monitoring devices [11,12] metal recovery at cathode [13] and robots [12,14] to mention but few, have been studied and left researchers with more innovation ideas in the field. Having electrochemical processes catalyzed by biological processes in addition to some other design parameters such as engineering of microbial biofilm structure, decrypting electron transfer mechanisms, cell/reactor configuration, electrode materials and geometries, substrate concentration, retention time, and optimizing cathode catalysts [15,16] makes this system more sensitive to internal losses and gives it a certain level of complexity [17,18].…”