Bioenergy technologies, uses, market and future trends with Austria as a case study

Anca-Couce, Andrés; Hochenauer, Christoph; Scharler, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2020.110237

Cited by 89 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Similar results were also found for EF CO , showing that the laboratorybased EF CO for raw bituminous chunk and bituminous briquette combustion was 46.1 and 43.6g/kg [19,38], around 4.2 and 4 times that of bituminous pellets, respectively. Pelletizing can effectively reduce emissions; Anca-Couce [33] reported similar results for biomass.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Different from EF CO and EF PM2.5 , EF NOx and EF SO2 did not show an obvious upward or downward trend. Several studies have revealed that NO X emission is often affected by fuel nitrogen content and the reducing conditions in the combustion chamber [32,33]. Due to the instability of reduction, NO X emissions showed fluctuations.…”

Section: Emission Factors In This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laboratory Performance Evaluation of Novel Bituminous Coal Pellet Combustion in an Automatic Heating Stove

et al. 2022

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Coal is China’s dominant energy source, among which bituminous coal is the most extensive and plentiful. Using bituminous coal resources to design a low-emission household fuel is very important for rural poverty areas. In this work, a new type of bituminous coal pellet (BCP) fuel using an automatic prototype pellet stove was designed for the first time. This study mainly shows the emission characteristic results of BCPs and some comparisons with other commercial solid fuels. Fuel property, PM2.5 morphology, and ash characteristics of the novel fuel were also assessed. In terms of fuel properties, BCPs had a cold compressive strength of 637.2 N, a heating value of 22.26 MJ/kg, and many fine pores in the cross-section for air entry. The real-time emissions of BCPs were stable during combustion. The emission factors of PM2.5 and CO of BCPs were 1.36–2.29 g/kg and 11.1–18.0 g/kg, which were significantly lower than those of bituminous chunk and bituminous briquette (p < 0.05). PM2.5 and CO reduced emissions by 83–90% and 61–76%, respectively, compared with raw coal chunk. According to the chemical composition and morphological characteristics, the PM2.5 from BCP combustion can be divided into fine particulates, molten char particles, and char fragmentation. The ash from BCPs had a higher melting temperature (over 1300 °C), with removable ash agglomeration. Overall, the results presented in this study highlight that turning bituminous coal into pellets and burning them in automatic stoves could noticeably reduce PM2.5 and CO emissions, effectively improving rural air quality.

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Section: Comparison With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Emission Factors In This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Performance Evaluation of Novel Bituminous Coal Pellet Combustion in an Automatic Heating Stove

et al. 2022

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“…However, there are environmental concerns regarding the installation of biomass-firing power plants in the residential areas due to the flue gas that contains NOx, particulate matter, and in some cases unburnt particulate emissions which could be some of the limitations to the use of small-sized boilers in residential areas. In addition, the consequent odour could be unsuitable in residential areas [15]. In contrast, Young et al, report in their case study that the air quality due to the biomass combustion has negligible effects in the context of implementing decentralized biomass derived heating systems [16].…”

Section: Portable Heat Containers As a Solutionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Investment and Profitability of Community Heating Systems Using Bioenergy in Finland: Opportunities and Challenges

Föhr

Gyawali

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Oil heating systems are abundant in rural Finland and they need to be replaced by renewable energy as Finland aims to be carbon neutral by 2035. Bioenergy, one of the renewable energies, is a common source of energy in Finland as the country is rich in forest resources. In Finland, combined heat and power plants utilize such resource to produce district heat and electricity but Finnish rural areas do not have access to the district heating network. However, there are potential scenarios where community heating could be possible using portable chip-fired heating systems (heat containers). Ultimately, the cost of heating is an important factor for the consumers and the cost of investment is likely to put off any interest from the communities. In this research, we explored the cost and profitability of heat container investments in rural Finland and examined the challenges for the energy transition away from oil heating systems, as well as the opportunities decentralized biomass-fired heating systems might bring. The results of this research indicate that the price of heat produced in heat containers is comparatively higher than district heating, which is commonly used in cities in Finland, but is cost-competitive compared to oil heating depending on the price of oil. For example, the current price of LFO (~1 EUR/l) generates costlier heat than the 300 kW heat container provides. Firing wood pellets in the heat container is not economically viable due to expensive raw material but smaller-sized heat container (110 kW) firing wood chips could provide cost-competitive heat if uptime is raised to >2700 h/year. There are socio-economic impacts and value-added effects on the rural region due to utilization of local resource instead of imported LFO but there remain challenges and barriers such as high initial investment, low investment support and lack of policies focused on decentralised energy enterprises.

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“…Pushing forward the development and widespread take-up of environmentally-friendly, efficient and costeffective biomass production technologies represents an ongoing challenge to scientists, as well as a priority issue for operators of energy systems [1]. There have been numerous attempts to demonstrate that typical land energy crops can be used for this purpose [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applicability of water from the Bay of Gdańsk as a growth medium for mixotrophic culture of Platymonas subcordiformis

Dudek¹,

Dębowski²,

Nowicka³

et al. 2022

Front. Biosci. (Elite Ed)

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P. subcordiformis is a potentially promising species with commercial, environmental and technological viability for industrial applications. The great potential of these microalgae lies in their fast biomass growth, pollution resistance, and compatibility with different culture media. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of P. subcordiformis biomass production in a medium prepared with water from the Bay of Gdańsk. The tested medium supported high biomass growth rates which reached 317.58 ± 42.31 mg V S /dm 3 •d in the best-performing variant, with a final concentration of 3493.3 ± 465.4 mg V S /dm 3 •d. In the autotrophic culture, nitrogen and phosphorus removal exceeded 98%. Amending the mixotrophic culture with glucose did not affect P. subcordiformis concentrations. However, it did significantly limit the demand for nutrients in the biomass and reduced chlorophyll a production in the cells.

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Bioenergy technologies, uses, market and future trends with Austria as a case study

Cited by 89 publications

References 53 publications

Laboratory Performance Evaluation of Novel Bituminous Coal Pellet Combustion in an Automatic Heating Stove

Laboratory Performance Evaluation of Novel Bituminous Coal Pellet Combustion in an Automatic Heating Stove

Investment and Profitability of Community Heating Systems Using Bioenergy in Finland: Opportunities and Challenges

Applicability of water from the Bay of Gdańsk as a growth medium for mixotrophic culture of Platymonas subcordiformis

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