Bioengineering. The Effect of Creating a Moderate Stenosis on the Localization of Intimal Thickening in the Common Carotid Artery of the Rabbit Fed on a Cholesterol-Rich Diet.

To elucidate the mechanisms of localisation of intimal hyperplasia in anastomosed arteries, the effects of flow disturbances on the transport of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) from the flowing blood to the wall of end-to-end anastomosed arteries, with and without a moderate stenosis, were studied theoretically by means of a computer simulation under the condition of steady flow. In an artery with moderate stenosis at the anastomotic junction and intimal thickening distal to it, we found that, owing to the water-permeable nature of the arterial wall, the surface concentration of LDL was elevated up to 20% higher than that of the bulk flow distal to the stenosis, where a recirculation zone was formed and wall shear stresses were low. In contrast to this, no significant elevation of surface concentration of LDLs occurred in another anastomosed vessel in which no stenosis was formed and no intimal thickening was observed. These results suggest that flow-dependent concentration polarisation of LDLs plays a causative role in the localisation of anastomotic intimal hyperplasia in the human arterial system by locally elevating the surface concentration of LDLs, thus augmenting their uptake by endothelial cells.

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Theoretical study of the effect of local flow disturbances on the concentration of low-density lipoproteins at the luminal surface of end-to-end anastomosed vessels

Wada

Koujiya

Karino

2002

Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.

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Theoretical Prediction of Low-Density Lipoproteins Concentration at the Luminal Surface of an Artery with a Multiple Bend

Wada

Karino

2002

Annals of Biomedical Engineering

124

104

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To elucidate the mechanisms of localization of atherosclerotic lesions in man, the effects of various physical and hemodynamic factors on transport of atherogenic low-density lipoproteins (LDL) from flowing blood to the wall of an artery with a multiple bend were studied theoretically by means of a computer simulation under the conditions of a steady flow. It was found that due to a semipermeable nature of an arterial wall to plasma, flow-dependent concentration polarization of LDL occurred at the luminal surface of the vessel, creating a region of high LDL concentration distal to the apex of the inner wall of each bend where the flow was locally disturbed by the formation of secondary and recirculation flows and where wall shear stresses were low. The highest surface concentration of LDL occurred distal to the acute second bend where atherosclerotic intimal thickening developed. At a Re0=500, the values calculated using estimated diffusivities of LDL in whole blood and plasma were respectively 35.1% and 15.6% higher than that in the bulk flow. The results are consistent with our hypothesis that the localization of atherosclerotic lesions results from the flow-dependent concentration polarization of LDL which creates locally a hypercholesterolemic environment even in normocholesterolemic subjects, thus augmenting the uptake of LDL by vascular endothelial cells existing at such sites.

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Bioengineering. The Effect of Creating a Moderate Stenosis on the Localization of Intimal Thickening in the Common Carotid Artery of the Rabbit Fed on a Cholesterol-Rich Diet.

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

Theoretical study of the effect of local flow disturbances on the concentration of low-density lipoproteins at the luminal surface of end-to-end anastomosed vessels

Theoretical study of the effect of local flow disturbances on the concentration of low-density lipoproteins at the luminal surface of end-to-end anastomosed vessels

Theoretical Prediction of Low-Density Lipoproteins Concentration at the Luminal Surface of an Artery with a Multiple Bend

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