Bioensayo de toxicidad aguda de Desmodium molliculum (H.B.K.) D.C., Manayupa

Abstract

Objetivo: Evaluar la toxicidad aguda oral por el método de las clases de decocción del extracto acuoso de hojas y tallos de Desmodium molliculum (H.B.K.) D.C., manayupa (EAM), a una concentración máxima de 2000 mg/kg de peso corporal. Material biológico: Hojas y tallos de Desmodium molliculum, manayupa y Mus musculus cepa Balb/c/CNPB, ratones adultos hembras y machos. Metodología: Las hojas y tallos de Desmodium molliculum, manayupa recolectadas en La Encañada-Cajamarca fueron desecadas y trituradas a 1.5 mm, sometidas a una extracción acuosa en caliente, filtradas y concentradas por liofilización. El estudio de toxicidad aguda oral se realizó usando dosis de 500, 1000 y 2000 mg/kg pc, respectivamente. Se registraron las observaciones realizadas que estaban dirigidas a la determinación de: signos y síntomas de toxicidad, peso, muerte y tiempo de ocurrencia de la misma los días 1, 7 y 14. Resultados: En las condiciones del ensayo, la manayupa no produjo manifestaciones de síntomas indicativos de toxicidad, ni mortalidad en los ratones, no se observó alteraciones significativas del peso corporal. Conclusiones: La administración oral durante 14 días del extracto acuoso de hojas y tallos de Desmodium molliculum (H.B.K.) D.C., manayupa, en concentraciones de hasta 2000 mg/kg pc de Mus musculus cepa Balb/c/CNPB, ratones, no es tóxica y se enmarca entre las sustancias “sin clasificar” en el modelo animal y nivel de dosis utilizado bajo las condiciones experimentales observadas.

Phytochemical Screening and Antiinflammatory Activity of the Extract from the Leaves of Desmodium molliculum (Kunth) DC (Fabaceae) in Rats with Acute Inflammation

“…8 The extracts used in the research of Desmodium molliculum are aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic, the results show that the most active extracts were the ethanolic ones, followed by the aqueous extracts obtained by decoction. 11,25…”

“…8,9 It has been traditionally used as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic. 10 It is known that this plant has several active compounds such as: tryptamine, 10 steroids, 11 flavonoids, 2 isoflavonoids, 10 saponins, 12 triterpenoids, 10,11 anthocyanins, polyphenols, 12 tannins, terpenes, 11,13 unsaturated fatty acids 13 and traces of alkaloids that are probably responsible for its therapeutic action. 11,14 Inflammation is described as a natural physiological process of defense of the body against aggressions from the external environment, which results in a series of signs and symptoms, such as flushing (redness), heat, edema, and pain (known as the 4 cardinal points of inflammation), and sometimes, the loss of functionality.…”

“…10 It is known that this plant has several active compounds such as: tryptamine, 10 steroids, 11 flavonoids, 2 isoflavonoids, 10 saponins, 12 triterpenoids, 10,11 anthocyanins, polyphenols, 12 tannins, terpenes, 11,13 unsaturated fatty acids 13 and traces of alkaloids that are probably responsible for its therapeutic action. 11,14 Inflammation is described as a natural physiological process of defense of the body against aggressions from the external environment, which results in a series of signs and symptoms, such as flushing (redness), heat, edema, and pain (known as the 4 cardinal points of inflammation), and sometimes, the loss of functionality. 15 In acute inflammation, there is an immediate reaction of the body against the pathogen, where cells of the immune system such as phagocytes try to destroy it by secreting mediator substances on endothelial cells, which increases vascular permeability so that leukocytes migrate to the pathogen.…”