Bioerosion in shells from the Early Permian Rio Bonito Formation, Brazil: Taphonomic, paleobiological, and paleoecological implications

Differences between autogenic and allogenic expressions of the Glossifungites Ichnofacies in estuarine and shoreface deposits from the Permian of the Paraná Basin, Brazil

“…Trace fossils of mesohaline and fully marine invertebrate organisms are common in the Rio Bonito (median and upper portions) and Palermo formations (e.g., Buatois et al, 2001a, 2001b, 2007; Gandini et al, 2010; Netto, 1994, 1998; Villegas‐Martín & Netto, 2019). Bioerosion structures have also been recorded in valves from mollusc‐dominated shell beds preserved in the transgressive deposits of the Rio Bonito Formation (Schmidt‐Neto et al, 2018).…”

“…The Rio Bonito Formation is composed mostly of very fine‐ to very coarse‐grained sandstone, conglomerate, fine‐grained heterolithic deposits, mudstone, and coal seams (e.g., Buatois et al, 2001a, 2001b, 2007; Gandini et al, 2010; Holz, França, Souza, Iannuzzi, & Rohn, 2010; Lavina et al, 1985; Lavina & Lopes, 1987; Schneider et al, 1974; Tognoli, 2002) deposited during the Asselian–Sakmarian Age (Cagliari et al, 2014, 2016; Griffis et al, 2018). Body fossils occur locally and are composed predominantly of inarticulate brachiopods, asteroids and ophiuroids, bivalves and gastropods, and plant fragments (e.g., Dolianiti, 1945; Martins & Sena Sobrinho, 1950, 1952; Schmidt‐Neto, 2010; Schmidt‐Neto, Netto, & Villegas‐Martín, 2018). The basal deposits of the Rio Bonito Formation (Triunfo Member) had been assumed as having accumulated in fluvial‐deltaic settings (e.g., Holz et al, 2010; Lavina et al, 1985; Lavina & Lopes, 1987).…”

“…), amphibian teeth ( Loxomma sp. ), and bivalves (Schmidt‐Neto et al, 2018; Schneider et al, 1974; Simões, Roha‐Campos, & Anelli, 1998). This unit records deposition in open marine environments, ranging from lower shoreface to offshore transition zones (e.g., Buatois et al, 2007; Lavina et al, 1985; Netto, 1994).…”

“…Bioturbation structures occur in almost all these sedimentary facies, except for the conglomerates, the massive mudstone, and laminated siltstone occurring in the basal portion of the succession (Table 1, see also Buatois et al, 2001b, 2007; Gandini et al, 2010; Netto, 1994, 1998, 2000; Netto, Tognoli, et al, 2012). Bioerosion structures also occur exclusively in mollusc shells in shell beds in the middle portion of the Rio Bonito Formation succession (Schmidt‐Neto et al, 2018). However, these structures were not observed in the studied cores.…”

Trace fossils and depositional environments of the middle Turonian sandstones in the Upper Nysa Kłodzka Graben (Sudetes, Poland) revisited

“…Entobia may oc cur in a rel a tively wide spec trum of depositional set tings, rang ing from mar ginal-ma rine to off shore (af ter Buatois and Mángano, 2011;Demircan, 2012;El-Hedeny and El-Sabbagh, 2018). How ever, clionaid sponges, the pos sibly pro duc ers of Entobia, pre fer low en ergy nearshore, shallow-ma rine en vi ron ments (Schmidt-Neto et al, 2018). They range from Ju ras sic to pres ent (Pineda Salgado et al, 2015) or from De vo nian to Re cent (Wil son, 2007).…”