Bioethanol production from algaeSpirogyra hyalinausingZymomonas mobilis

Abstract

Algae Spirogyra have the potential to be developed as a raw material for bioethanol production. This study aims to determine the effect of the hydrolysis process of algae Spirogyra on total sugar production. The hydrolysis process of Spirogyra hyalina was carried out using a variation of heating duration and type of enzyme. This study also aimed to determine the effect of fermentation duration and the addition of nutritional fermentation on the reducing sugar, pH changes, microbial biomass and ethanol production from algae Spirogyra hyalina by using Zymomonas mobilis. The fermentation process was carried out in anaerobic conditions using a modified fermentor for 96 hours. Results showed the differences the hydrolysis process of algae Spirogyra hyalina affected on sugar levels. The highest sugar level was achieved by a combination of a-amylase and b-amylase enzymes. Fermentation duration and nutritional fermentation affected reducing sugar, pH substrate, microbial biomass and ethanol levels produced from the fermentation of algae Spirogyra by using Zymomonas mobilis.

Spatial and temporal dynamics of bacterioplankton community composition in a subtropical dammed karst river of southwestern China

“…In addition, the genera Novosphingobium (OTU 28) and Zymomonas (OTU 29) have small angles with turbidity. In previous studies, Novosphingobium was often isolated from humic‐rich subsurface water (Glaeser et al., ; Hutalle‐Schmelzer, Zwirnmann, Krüger, & Grossart,), and sugar is an important factor for Zymomonas cells (Sulfahri, Amin, Sumitro, & Saptasari, ), which can be reflected by water turbidity (Lind et al., ). In contrast to Alphaproteobacteria‐related OTUs, Betaproteobacteria‐related OTUs 5, 6, 65, and 30 belong to the family Comamonadaceae; Betaproteobacteria‐related OTUs 2 and 16 belong to the families Hydrogenophilaceae and Neisseriaceae; Betaproteobacteria‐related OTUs 8 and 35 belong to the genus Variovorax ; Betaproteobacteria‐related OTUs 9 and 26 belong to the genus Polynucleobacter ; Betaproteobacteria‐related OTU 19 is affiliated with clade OM43; and Betaproteobacteria‐related OTU 14 is affiliated with an unknown order.…”

“…In addition, the genera Novosphingobium (OTU 28) and Zymomonas (OTU 29) have small angles with turbidity. In previous studies, Novosphingobium was often isolated from humic-rich subsurface water (Glaeser et al, 2013;Hutalle-Schmelzer, Zwirnmann, Krüger, & Grossart,2010), and sugar is an important factor for Zymomonas cells (Sulfahri, Amin, Sumitro, & Saptasari, 2016), which can be reflected by water turbidity (Lind et al, 1992). In contrast to Alphaproteobacteria-related OTUs, Gammaproteobacteria-related OTU 13 and dissolved organic nitrogen, which prove that members of the Gammaproteobacteria exhibited even faster growth rates when nutrition was added to enclosures (Gasol et al, 2002;Newton et al, 2011).…”

Zymomonas mobilis as a model system for production of biofuels and biochemicals

“…Therefore, much effort has focused on exploring new alternative carbon sources, such as lignocellulosic biomass. Besides corn stover that has been used extensively as lignocellulosic biomass, diverse materials including energy crops have been used for ethanol production by Z. mobilis (Zhang and Lynd, ; Behera et al ., ; He et al ., ; Saharkhiz et al ., ; Yang et al ., ; Zhang et al ., ; Peralta‐Contreras et al ., ; Todhanakasem et al ., ; Gu et al ., ; Ma et al ., ; Serate et al ., ; Schell et al ., ; Sulfahri et al ., ); these include energy crops (sugarcane, sugar beet, carob, sweet potato and sweet sorghum), energy plants (e.g. switchgrass), industrial wastes (soybean meal, a co‐product of the production of soybean oil and maize meals), food waste, agricultural residues (corncob residues, rice bran, sweet sorghum stalk, sugarcane molasses, bamboo residues and waste paper sludge), as well as algal biomass from Spirogyra hyalina .…”

Purification and characterization of a noble thermostable algal starch liquefying alpha-amylase from Aeribacillus pallidus BTPS-2 isolated from geothermal spring of Nepal

“…Studies have been done for the identification of an efficient process for algal biomass pretreatment. For example, ethanolic fermentation by Zymomonas mobilis on amylase treated spirogyra increased bioethanol yield by several folds [ 5 ]. Similarly, the two-stage hydrolysis of Graciliaria salicronia resulted in a higher yield of glucose [ 6 ].…”