Bioethanol Production from <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> Biomass Cultivated with Plantain (<i>Musa paradisiaca</i>) Peels Extract

Abstract

The feasibility of nutrient uptake by Chlorella vulgaris using a cheap carbon source such as plantain peel extract was studied and its biomass utilized for bioethanol production. Unripe plantain peels were obtained, processed, infused for 48 hrs, extracted and cultivated with the Chlorella species for a period of fourteen days. The microalgal carbohydrate content was hydrolyzed with acid and enzyme while the hydrolysate fermented with 10% concentration of Saccharomyces sp. and Aspergillus sp. at 30˚C and pH 4.5 using Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF) and Separate Hydrolysis and Co-culture Fermentation (SHCF) methods. Results show that maximum cell growth of 1.56 (OD) and biomass concentration of 19 g/l were obtained with 48 hrs infusion. The result indicated that C. vulgaris utilized PPE medium as a sole carbon substrate and stimulated the secretion of biomass. The highest reducing sugar of 0.63 mg/ml was obtained after hydrolysis of the biomass, while the ethanol production yield of 0.33 g/l was obtained after fermentation. The ethanol production yield increased with the increase in fermentation time, while the reducing sugar was reduced after five days of fermentation. The highest ethanol percentage of 10.82% v/v was obtained from the distillate.This study showed that plantain peel can be utilized by C. vulgaris which provides a feasible route of reducing production cost of bioethanol from a cheap carbon substrate for biomass and bioenergy production.

An Assessment of Potential Resources for Biomass Energy in Nigeria

“…Plantain peels have also been found to be useful in the generation of biofuels. Agwa et al [161], Olafimihan et al [125], and Itelima et al [162] investigated the production of bioethanol from plantain wastes. Parra-Ramírez et al [163] and Ilori et al [164] produced biogas from plantain wastes whilst Adeniyi et al [165] and Ogunjobi and Lajide [166] carried out pyrolysis on plantain peels to obtain bio-oil and bio-char.…”

Upcycling fruit waste into microalgae biotechnology: Perspective views and way forward

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Algae: The Reservoir of Bioethanol

“…Microalgae grown under nitrogen deficiency in laboratory conditions acts as a potential feedstock for fermentation and a hub for sourcing bioethanol [128]. Chlorella vulgaris was cultivated with plantain peel extract for 14 days as carbon source [129]. Later, the biomass was treated with both acid and enzyme hydrolysis.…”