Bioethanol steam reforming on Co/ITQ-18 catalyst: Effect of the crystalline structure of the delaminated zeolite ITQ-18

Cobalt hydrotalcites as catalysts for bioethanol steam reforming. The promoting effect of potassium on catalyst activity and long-term stability

“…This interesting result allows designing catalysts containing cobalt for ESR without coke deposition (no metallic cobalt) by placing in appropriate environments Co 2+ active species. A similar conclusion has been reached by da Costa-Serra and Chica [11] using delaminated zeolite as Co support.…”

Catalytic activities of K-modified zeolite ZSM-5 supported rhodium catalysts in low-temperature steam reforming of bioethanol

“…Moreover, fuel cells use an electrochemical process, rather than combustion, to efficiently generate electricity, heat, and water through the moderate reaction of hydrogen and oxygen [1,6]. Unfortunately, hydrogen cannot be freely obtainable in nature and it must be produced from other energy sources [7].…”

“…Currently, hydrogen is predominantly (approximately 95%) produced via the stream reforming of fossil-based materials, such as natural gas, coal, and light hydrocarbons, at high temperature (i.e., >450 C) [7,8]. The production of hydrogen from available renewable resources at low temperatures, i.e., near or at the operating temperature of fuel cells, can greatly facilitate the realization of the complete benefits of fuel cells [1,9].…”

“…For example, catalyst deactivation, prominently caused by coke deposition, is a serious problem during SRE, especially at low temperatures [9,14,15]. There are currently no commercially available catalysts for use in SRE [7]. The task of developing a catalytic system, which can afford a high H 2 yield, low CO concentration, and inhibit the reactions responsible for carbon deposition, remains a major challenge [2].…”

“…(2)) is thermodynamically favored [9], performing SRE at relatively low temperatures can significantly reduce the concentration of CO, the reagent responsible for severely deactivating the platinum electrode in a fuel cell. Moreover, in view of the high energy efficiency of low-temperature steam reforming of bioethanol, zeolite-supported metals, such as rhodium (Rh) [16], nickel (Ni) [8,17,18], and cobalt (Co) [7,19,20], have attracted attention as efficient catalysts at low temperatures. Carrero et al reported the first use of the zeolite-supported CueNi based catalyst for SRE; however, the optimal catalytic performance is achieved at 600 C [21,22].…”