Biofabricated Nanostructures and Their Composites in Regenerative Medicine

Abstract

Biosynthesis of nanomaterials is gaining attention as a sustainable, environmentally friendly, and reliable method for manufacturing a extensive array of nanostructures, such as metal/metal oxides and organic and hybrid materials. Green synthesis is considered a crucial tool to reduce the harsh effects associated with conventional synthesis. Nanocomposite materials containing biosynthesized nanostructures are highly sought after in regenerative medicine. In the present Review, biosynthesis of metal/metal oxides and carbon-based nanomaterials using microorganisms (e.g., bacteria and fungi) and natural compounds (e.g., polysaccharides, proteins, fruit juices, and plant extracts) is highlighted. The toxicity of biosynthesized nanoparticles for biomedical application is also reviewed in depth. The applications of bionanocomposites prepared from these ecofriendly nanoparticles in tissue engineering are reviewed to provide readers with a background for future studies.

Injectable hyaluronic acid-based antibacterial hydrogel adorned with biogenically synthesized AgNPs-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes

“…However, a bacterial infection is a key and generally unsolved issue in regenerative medicine (Makvandi et al 2020a ). Thus, materials comprising antimicrobial compounds have been employed for infection therapy (Zare et al 2020 ; Makvandi et al 2020a ; Jamaledin et al 2020 ). Among assorted nanometals, AgNPs have demonstrated great potential for biomedical applications.…”

“…The plant extract-mediated synthesis of nanoparticles can protect the environment as the presence of biomolecules such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and sugars, etc. serve as reducing agents and capping agents rather than toxic hydrides or hydrazines (Makvandi et al 2020a ). Native plants such as ginger, cinnamon, mustard, and garlic illustrate different degrees of antimicrobial characteristics (Noman et al 2016 ; Mahdy et al 2017).…”

Biodegradable Starch/Chitosan Foam via Microwave Assisted Preparation: Morphology and Performance Properties

“…The foam prepared by starch and chitosan is a kind of biological material, which is easy to be processed and molded. The chitosan in foam can promote the formation of blood coagulation and thrombosis, inhibit the growth of various bacteria and fungi, and promote the repair of damaged tissues [26]. Therefore, the foam is expected to be a good hemostatic material and packaging material for food and medicine.…”

Natural Formulations Provide Antioxidant Complement to Hyaluronic Acid-Based Topical Applications Used in Wound Healing

“…Wound dressings can promote the healing process and reduce the healing time [ 1 , 2 ]. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is naturally occurring polysaccharide widely employed in regenerative medicine and in particular for topical and intradermal applications.…”