Biofabrication of engineered dento-alveolar tissue

Recent Advances in Scaffolds for Guided Bone Regeneration

“…To overcome this issue, various methods have been employed such as GBR combined with bone grafts and barrier membranes [ 45 ]. While autogenous bone grafting may have a limited capacity to restore larger bone defects, the utilization of allografts and xenografts could overcome the challenges in bone augmentation [ 46 ]. The barrier membranes’ role is to form a protective layer at the defect site, hindering the ingrowth of proliferating connecting and fibrous tissue.…”

“…The bone defect is scanned with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and a scaffold model with volumetric shape that would fit into the defect is then designed [ 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 ]. The most abundantly used AM techniques in dentoalveolar settings are SLA, SLS, and FDM [ 46 ]. Selective laser sintering of ceramics, polymers and their combination, and selective laser melting (SLM) techniques have been used to form 3D constructs layer by layer.…”

Proanthocyanidin/β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex in Electrospun Polylactic Acid Nanofibers: Preparation, Characterization, and Effects on Dental Pulp Stem Cells

“…Electrospinning is a popular and effective tool to fabricate scaffolds with natural and synthetic polymers for various dental regeneration applications including gingival tissue, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, dentin, and dental pulp capping. 7 Although electrospun nanofibers (Nfs) can provide favorable mechanical properties, synergistic approaches have been developed, including the combined use of Nfs or the inclusion of bioactive compounds and drug delivery systems to mimic the biodegradability of substitute tissues, enhance cell attachment and proliferation, and impart hydrophilic properties. 8 Electrospun PCL fiber meshes in conjunction with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) for the pulp-capping procedure in the premolars of beagle dogs were evaluated by Lee et al 9 They aimed with this mesh to provide a physical barrier to the unset MTA and promote the differentiation of pulp cells into odontoblast-like cells and eventually regenerate the dentin− pulp complex.…”

“…Synthetic polymers have been commonly used in diverse biomedical applications, and among them, poly­(lactic acid) (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly­(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and poly­(ethylene glycol) (PEG) are the most commonly used synthetic polymers in tissue engineering. Electrospinning is a popular and effective tool to fabricate scaffolds with natural and synthetic polymers for various dental regeneration applications including gingival tissue, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, dentin, and dental pulp capping . Although electrospun nanofibers (Nfs) can provide favorable mechanical properties, synergistic approaches have been developed, including the combined use of Nfs or the inclusion of bioactive compounds and drug delivery systems to mimic the biodegradability of substitute tissues, enhance cell attachment and proliferation, and impart hydrophilic properties .…”

Differential Expression of MicroRNA (MiR-27, MiR-145) among Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) Following Neurogenic Differentiation Stimuli

“…Due to these differences, many of these research and evaluation efforts have been highly concentrated on evaluating the potential to repair and regenerate specific dental or oral tissues and structures, such as PDLSCs and SCAPs to restore alveolar tissues and supporting bone structures or SHEDs and DPSCs to initiate tooth regeneration and other types of oral tissue remodeling [3,4]. These studies have evaluated and subsequently demonstrated highly successful methods and models for DPSCs and DSCs to regenerate and biofabricate some of these oral tissues and tooth structures in vitro and ex vivo [5,6].…”