Biofilm and MBL production among imipenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species

Metok, Yang; Subramanya, Supram Hosuru; Shrestha, Upendra Thapa; Perez, Leandro Reus Rodrigues; Adhikari, Nabaraj; Nayak, Niranjan

doi:10.5281/zenodo.4195479

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“…11.4% of positive growth and third most commonly isolated Gram-negative bacilli after E. coli and K. pneumoniae which is in accordance with the studies done by Khanal et al and Raut et al [21][22]. In our previous study at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, we observed ACBC infections (n=117) as the primary cause of nosocomial infections followed by P. aeruginosa infections (n=79) [23]. The majority of isolates were identi ed from pus and respiratory samples including tracheal aspirates, sputum, and ET tube.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Increased biofilm-associated Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter- calcoaceticus-baumannii complex infections among the hospitalized patients in Kathmandu Model Hospital, Nepal

Bhandari,

Upreti,

Angbuhang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex (ACBC) has emerged as a global burden to various clinical infections. The increasing resistance to the majority of antibiotics adds a huge problem in empirical therapy and control of ACBC infections. In addition, the ability of ACBC to produce biofilm has not only contributed to its antimicrobial resistance but also helped its persistence and survival in the environment. Most tertiary care hospitals in Nepal are facing similar ACBC infections. Methods Hence, this hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out to associate the biofilm formation with carbapenem-resistant ACBC isolates detecting biofilm-forming genes Bap, csuE, and blaPER1 from February 2020 to August 2020 at Kathmandu Model Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. The clinical bacterial isolates were identified by standard Microbiological procedures including Gram staining, and cultural and biochemical characteristics. A modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was performed to assay the antibiotic susceptibility testing of ACBC isolates to various antibiotic classes. A quantitative adherence assay was used to determine the biofilm assay. A conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method was used to find the targeted biofilm-related genes using specific primers. Results Out of 665 different clinical samples, bacterial growth was observed in 281 (42.3%) clinical samples. Of these, 32 (11.4%) isolates were identified as ACBC. Out of 32 ACBC isolates, 29 (90.6%) of which were carbapenem-resistant. All carbapenem-resistant ACBC isolates were found to be sensitive to polymixin B and colistin. Out of 29 CR-ACBC, 17.2% of isolates were resistant to tigecycline. A total of 31 ACBC isolates were biofilm producers, out of which 2 were strong biofilm producers followed by 8 moderate, and 21 were weak biofilm producers. The occurrence of biofilm-forming genes; Bap, csuE, and blaPER1 genes were found to be 65.6%, 65.6%, and 56.3% respectively among ACBC clinical isolates. A significant association was observed between carbapenem resistance, biofilm formation, and biofilm-related genes. Conclusion Since ACBC isolates are ubiquitous including in the hospital environment and its infections are alarming to clinical settings, the effective sterilization of clinical equipment and hospital environment are utmost. In addition, a strong policy should be made to prescribe the proper antibiotic based on antibiogram profile to fight against an emerging threat of ACBC infections

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%