Biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance inKlebsiella pneumoniaeurinary strains

Vuotto, Claudia; Longo, Francesca; Pascolini, Chiara; Donelli, Gianfranco; Balice, Maria Pia; Libori, Maria Francesca; Tiracchia, Valentina; Salvia, Antonino; Varaldo, Pietro E.

doi:10.1111/jam.13533

Cited by 217 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Biofilm formation is an important characteristic of Klebsiella strains that are successful pathogens and exhibit multi‐drug resistance (Anes, Hurley, Martinsd, & Fanning, ; Vuotto et al., ). Our results identified four fatty acids that significantly altered biofilm formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous fatty acids alter phospholipid composition, membrane permeability, capacity for biofilm formation, and antimicrobial peptide susceptibility in Klebsiella pneumoniae

et al. 2018

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Klebsiella pneumoniae represents a major threat to human health due to a combination of its nosocomial emergence and a propensity for acquiring antibiotic resistance. Dissemination of the bacteria from its native intestinal location creates severe, complicated infections that are particularly problematic in healthcare settings. Thus, there is an urgency for identifying novel treatment regimens as the incidence of highly antibiotic-resistant bacteria rises. Recent findings have highlighted the ability of some Gram-negative bacteria to utilize exogenous fatty acids in ways that modify membrane phospholipids and influence virulence phenotypes, such as biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. This study explores the ability of K. pneumoniae to assimilate and respond to exogenous fatty acids. The combination of thin-layer chromatography liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry confirmed adoption of numerous exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into the phospholipid species of K. pneumoniae. Membrane permeability was variably affected as determined by two dye uptake assays. Furthermore, the availability of many PUFAs lowered the MICs to the antimicrobial peptides polymyxin B and colistin. Biofilm formation was significantly affected depending upon the supplemented fatty acid.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous fatty acids alter phospholipid composition, membrane permeability, capacity for biofilm formation, and antimicrobial peptide susceptibility in Klebsiella pneumoniae

et al. 2018

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“…Mechanisms of biofilm formation such as c-di-GMP network regulation are common to gram-negative organisms, while capsular protein variability is unique to K. pneumoniae. Across characterized isolates, fimbriae and capsular protein are variably expressed reflecting their genetic diversity and differing contributions to pathogenicity [63, 64]. Like P. aeruginosa , K. pneumoniae utilizes c-di-GMP, a critical second messenger restricted to bacterial metabolism [65], to regulate type 1 and 3 fimbrial production and subsequent biofilm formation.…”

Section: K Pneumoniae Surface Structures Important In Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biofilm formation is a major characteristic of K. pneumoniae strains, seen especially in MDR and extensively drug-resistant isolates [63] (Fig. 2a).…”

Section: K Pneumoniae Surface Structures Important In Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae Adaptation to Innate Immune Clearance Mechanisms in the Lung

Riquelme¹,

Ahn²,

Prince³

2018

J Innate Immun

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Many different species of gram-negative bacteria are associated with infection in the lung, causing exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis (CF), and ventilator-associated pneumonias. These airway pathogens must adapt to common host clearance mechanisms that include killing by antimicrobial peptides, antibiotics, oxidative stress, and phagocytosis by leukocytes. Bacterial adaptation to the host is often evident phenotypically, with increased extracellular polysaccharide production characteristic of some biofilm-associated organisms. Given the relatively limited repertoire of bacterial strategies to elude airway defenses, it seems likely that organisms sharing the same ecological niche might also share common strategies to persistently infect the lung. In this review, we will highlight some of the major factors responsible for the adaptation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the lung, addressing how growth in biofilms enables persistent infection, relevant to, but not limited to, the pathogenesis of infection in CF. In contrast, we will discuss how carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae evade immune clearance, an organism often associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia and health-care-acquired pneumonias, but not a typical pathogen in CF.

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“…K. pneumoniae is a nosocomial pathogen whose resistance to antibiotics has become a problem worldwide and this is partly owed to its ability to form biofilms [25]. Such biofilm formation is seen quite commonly with MDR strains and extensively drug resistant K. pneumoniae [26]. Together with fimbriae production, biofilm production has become a major virulence mechanism [27] leading to immune evasion and establishment of infection [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm of Klebsiella pneumoniae minimize phagocytosis and cytokine expression by macrophage cell line

Rathore

Cheepurupalli

Gangwar

et al. 2019

Preprint

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44Infectious bacteria in biofilm mode are involved in many of persistent infections. 45 Owing to its importance in clinical settings many in vitro and in vivo studies have analysed 46 the structural and functional properties of biofilm, its resistance to antibiotic exposure etc. 47 Currently the immune mechanism toward the clearance of biofilm infections is being 48 investigated. K. pneumoniae is one of the major leading causes of biofilm infections on 49 indwelling medical devices. There was no previous literature that demonstrates the 50 interactions of macrophage cells lines and Klebsiella biofilm, as the first report, we 51 investigated the in vitro response of Klebsiella biofilm to phagocytosis and cytokine 52 expression. We developed an in vitro model to study the interactions of Kebsiella biofilm 53 and macrophage. The phagocytosis assay was performed for heat inactivated and live 54 biofilm. A similar phagocytic response against both biofilms were observed when these 55 cells were exposed to RAW 264.7 macrophages. Also, the expressions of TLR2, iNOS, 56 inflammatory cytokines such as IL-β1, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-12, IL-4, TNF-α and anti-57 inflammatory cytokines, IL-10 during phagocytosis were analysed. These results 58 collectively demonstrated that the rate of phagocytosis was an average of 15% for both 59 biofilms. Also, when activated macrophage was exposed to heat-inactivated or live biofilms, 60 there was a significant increase in proinflammatory cytokine genes together with expected 61 increase in TLR2 and iNOS. Thus, it is clear that macrophage response against biofilm 62 producing K. pneumoniae results in increase in phagocytic rate and a corresponding increase 63 in inflammatory cytokine gene expression which could be important for clearing K. 64 pneumoniae cells.65 Introduction 68 K. pneumoniae is a Gram-negative, encapsulated opportunistic pathogen that 69 colonizes almost every part of the human body with most preferred site being the respiratory, 70 gastrointestinal and urinary tracts [1]. K. pneumoniae causes both hospital and community-71 acquired infections [2]. Pneumonia, meningitis, urinary tract infections and catheter-related 72 bloodstream infections are the potential illness caused by this bacterium [3]. The major risk 73 factors associated with K. pneumoniae infection includes central venous catheterization, 74 urinary catheterization, mechanical ventilation, prolonged stay in intensive-care unit, low 75 birth weight in preterm infants and individuals with impaired immunity [4]. 76 Klebsiella spp are characterized by the presence of capsular polysaccharides (CPS), 77 type 1 and 3 fimbriae as the major virulence factors. These cellular components play an 78 important role in the adhesion and colonization of host tissues. In addition, these virulence 79 factors are essential for biofilm formation on indwelling medical devices and persistent 80 infections [2]. 81 In order to overcome the infections caused by planktonic and biofilm of K. 82 pneumoniae, both humoral and cell-mediated...

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Biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance inKlebsiella pneumoniaeurinary strains

Cited by 217 publications

References 48 publications

Exogenous fatty acids alter phospholipid composition, membrane permeability, capacity for biofilm formation, and antimicrobial peptide susceptibility in Klebsiella pneumoniae

Exogenous fatty acids alter phospholipid composition, membrane permeability, capacity for biofilm formation, and antimicrobial peptide susceptibility in Klebsiella pneumoniae

<b><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i></b> and <b><i>Klebsiella</i></b> <b><i>pneumoniae</i></b> Adaptation to Innate Immune Clearance Mechanisms in the Lung

Biofilm of Klebsiella pneumoniae minimize phagocytosis and cytokine expression by macrophage cell line

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