Biofilm formation by Propionibacterium acnes is associated with increased resistance to antimicrobial agents and increased production of putative virulence factors

Coenye, Tom; Peeters, Elke; Nelis, Hans

doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2007.02.001

Cited by 225 publications

(208 citation statements)

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“…However, epidemiological studies have shown a marked increase in the frequency of topical antibiotic resistance in acne subjects -from 20% in 1979 to 64% in 2000 -especially resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin. 6,7 As reviewed by Dr eno et al (this issue), C. acnes resistance may be due to several contributing mechanisms, including the formation of biofilm, 8 which can act by restricting penetration of antibiotics. 7 Myrtacine â (Myrtus communis extract) has been demonstrated to be efficient on C. acnes biofilm alone or combined with antibiotics using in vitro models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data corroborate the results obtained in vitro in a previous study using a dynamic model of biofilm formation, demonstrating the destructuring effect of Myrtacine â on a mature C. acnes biofilm formed of both sensitive and erythromycine and clindamycine-resistant strains. 9 The formation of C. acnes biofilm is now considered as responsible for the in vivo resistance of C. acnes to the main antimicrobials prescribed in acne vulgaris 8 (B. Dr eno, this issue). We can therefore hypothesise that in vivo, as it was described in vitro, Myrtacine â may impair the formation and/or the persistence of C. acnes biofilm in the pilosebaceous follicle, leading to an increased sensitivity of bacterial cells to the immune systemeven though the total load of C. acnes is not modified in the patient skin.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Characterisation of Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes in acne and in vivo exploratory evaluation of Myrtacine^®

Pécastaings

Roques

Nocera

et al. 2018

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Objective Our main objective was to compare Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) skin colonisation in patients with mild to moderate acne versus healthy controls and secondly, to evaluate a Myrtacine â -based cream on C. acnes total population and antibioresistant Cutibacteria in patients with acne.Methods In 60 acne patients (Global Acne Severity Scale, GEA grades 2-3), of mean age 20 [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Results We first showed (i) high and similar levels of C. acnes colonisation in superficial pilosebaceous follicles and detection of EryR and ClnR strains in both acne and control groups; (ii) different repartition of phylotypes in acne patients versus healthy control, with a predominance of phylotype IA in acne patients and a link between phylotype IA and erythromycin resistance. Besides, after treatment with the Myrtacine â -based cream in acne patients, there was no change in C. acnes total load, but a significant decrease of EryR Cutibacteria, reduced porphyrin production by C. acnes, a decrease in acne severity (GEA), associated with reduced retentional and inflammatory lesions.Conclusion Cutibacterium acnes colonisation was not significantly different in acne versus control groups. Phylotype IA was predominant in acne patient and in EryR C. acnes. A Myrtacine â -based cream significantly reduced the level of EryR Cutibacteria in vivo and improved acne lesions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes in acne and in vivo exploratory evaluation of Myrtacine^®

Pécastaings

Roques

Nocera

et al. 2018

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…A significant increase in the production of a quorum sensing molecule, autoinducer-2, as planktonic P. acnes cells transition to become sessile microbes in mature biofilms has been demonstrated [10]. P. acnes biofilms were first clearly hypothesized by Burkhart and Burkhart in 2003 as a major factor in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris [11].…”

Section: Biofilm Formation Of P Acnesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the "persister" state, the microbe is metabolically inert, and this less susceptible to the effects of antibiotics. Coenye et al compared the susceptibility of planktonic versus sessile bacteria to antibiotics [10]. The antimicrobials tested included erythromycin (E), Clindamycin (C), Azelaic acid (AA), salicylic acid (SA), triclosan (Tric), minocycline (M), benzoyl peroxide (BPO), BPO+E, BPO+C, Doxycyline (D), and Oxtetracycline (Ot).…”

Section: Effect Of P Acnes Biofilms On Antibiotic Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Propionibacterium acnes Biofilm in Acne Vulgaris

Linfante¹,

Allawh²,

Allen³

2017

J Clin Exp Dermatol Res

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Acne vulgaris is traditionally known as the result of excess sebum production, follicular hyper keratinization, infection with Propionibacterium acnes, and follicular inflammation. However, the role of P. acnes is gaining momentum as the primary impetus in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. The biofilm-forming ability of P. acnes in vitro and on indwelling medical appliances and catheters has been known for quite some time, but only in the last decade has the presence of P. acnes biofilm been observed within the pilosebaceous unit. Since that time, the genome of the microbe has been sequenced, and genes responsible for quorum sensing and biofilm formation have been confirmed. As a result of biofilm formation, the virulence of P. acnes is amplified. Biofilm-encapsulated P. acnes upregulates the production of lipases, resulting in the production of free fatty acids. Free fatty acids as well as the biofilm itself bind the Toll-like receptors TLR2 and TLR4, activating the innate immune system, culminating in a robust inflammatory response. Biofilms also appear to significantly contribute to antibiotic resistance. Acting as a physical barrier for antibiotics as well as a commune for bacteria to exchange antibiotic resistance genes, the biofilm plays an integral role as the major hurdle to treating acne vulgaris. Traditional antimicrobials have not shown much promise in disruption of the biofilm. Other approaches have been investigated utilizing a variety of novel topical compounds that act to prevent or disrupt the biofilm as a therapeutic modality. The role of biofilm in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris has remained underappreciated, but with global antimicrobial resistance looming, further attention may be warranted.

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“…Acne is one of the most common multifactorial chronic inflammatory diseases of the pilosebaceous follicles involving androgen induced sebaceous hyperplasia, altered follicular keratinisation, hormonal imbalance, immune hypersensitivity and bacterial colonisation by Propionibacterium acnes (Coenye et al, 2007;Williams et al, 2012). The development of inflammatory acne occurs through the activation of complement and metabolizing sebaceous triglycerides into fatty acids that irritate the follicular wall and surrounding dermis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Gnidia Capitata L. F.: Investigations on Its Antityrosinase, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities

Kambizi¹,

Mahachi²,

Okem³

et al. 2017

Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med

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Background: Gnidia capitata L. F. belongs to the family Thymelaeaceae, and has been widely reported for its ethnobotanical uses, especially for the treatment of several human ailments which include skin conditions. However, there is limited information about the pharmacological properties of this plant as a potential cosmetic agent or pharmaceutical. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of G. capitata for its anti-tyrosinase, antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer and anti-mycobacterial properties. Materials and methods: G. capitata was extracted with methanol (MeOH), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), dichloromethane (DCM) and hexane (n-Hex). All extracts were tested in vitro for activities against Propionibacterium acnes (ATCC 11827) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 27294). Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was screened using tyrosinase from Agaricus bispor. Antioxidant activity was investigated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Results: EtOAc, DCM and n-Hex extracts of the plant showed antibacterial activity against P. acnes with MICs of 125 µg/ml. The DCM and n-Hex extracts showed anti-mycobacterial activity with MICs of 500µg/ml. The methanolic extract showed the highest antioxidant activity with an IC 50 of 41.83µg/ml. Conclusion:The findings presented in this study may explain the potential use of G. capitata for the treatment of certain skin conditions. The potent antioxidant activity could help control the negative effects associated with inflammatory mediators that are produced during the immune response in people that are affected by skin conditions.

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Biofilm formation by Propionibacterium acnes is associated with increased resistance to antimicrobial agents and increased production of putative virulence factors

Cited by 225 publications

References 46 publications

Characterisation of Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes in acne and in vivo exploratory evaluation of Myrtacine^®

Characterisation of Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes in acne and in vivo exploratory evaluation of Myrtacine^®

The Role of Propionibacterium acnes Biofilm in Acne Vulgaris

Therapeutic Potential of Gnidia Capitata L. F.: Investigations on Its Antityrosinase, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities

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Biofilm formation by Propionibacterium acnes is associated with increased resistance to antimicrobial agents and increased production of putative virulence factors

Cited by 225 publications

References 46 publications

Characterisation of Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes in acne and in vivo exploratory evaluation of Myrtacine®

Characterisation of Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes in acne and in vivo exploratory evaluation of Myrtacine®

The Role of Propionibacterium acnes Biofilm in Acne Vulgaris

Therapeutic Potential of Gnidia Capitata L. F.: Investigations on Its Antityrosinase, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities

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Product

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Characterisation of Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes in acne and in vivo exploratory evaluation of Myrtacine^®

Characterisation of Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes in acne and in vivo exploratory evaluation of Myrtacine^®