Bioflavonoids

Verma, Madan L.; Sharma, Sneh; Saini, Raj; Rani, Varsha; Kushwaha, Rekha

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64323-0.00003-5

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…A multifunctional NS3 of HCV comprising of serine protease domain at N-terminal and a C-terminal RNA helicase domain. The protease domain requires the NS4A activator peptide to cleave 3 of its 4 polyprotein processing sites[ 49 , 50 ] and therefore provides an attractive target for inhibition of viral replication[ 51 ]; the protease is much more efficient at cleaving the fourth in the presence of NS4A. In the present study, full-length NS3 without cofactor NS4A and NS3 protease domain in fusion with co-factor NS4A from a codon-optimized NS4A-NS3 protease domain open reading frame were expressed in E. coli and purified (Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening and identification of bioactive compounds from citrus against non-structural protein 3 protease of hepatitis C virus genotype 3a by fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay and mass spectrometry

Khan¹,

Rauf²,

Habib³

et al. 2020

WJH

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BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus genotype 3a (HCV G3a) is highly prevalent in Pakistan. Due to the elevated cost of available Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs against HCV, medicinal natural products of potent antiviral activity should be screened for the cost-effective treatment of the disease. Furthermore, from natural products, active compounds against vital HCV proteins like non-structural protein 3 (NS3) protease could be identified to prevent viral proliferation in the host. AIM To develop cost-effective HCV genotype 3a NS3 protease inhibitors from citrus fruit extracts. METHODS Full-length NS3 without co-factor non-structural protein 4A (NS4A) and codon optimized NS3 protease in fusion with NS4A were expressed in Escherichia coli . The expressed protein was purified by metal ion affinity chromatography and gel filtration. Citrus fruit extracts were screened using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay against the protease and polyphenols were identified as potential inhibitors using electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS technique. Among different polyphenols, highly potent compounds were screened using molecular modeling approaches and consequently the most active compound was further evaluated against HCV NS4A-NS3 protease domain using FRET assay. RESULTS NS4A fused with NS3 protease domain gene was overexpressed and the purified protein yield was high in comparison to the lower yield of the full-length NS3 protein. Furthermore, in enzyme kinetic studies, NS4A fused with NS3 protease proved to be functionally active compared to full-length NS3. So it was concluded that co-factor NS4A fusion is essential for the purification of functionally active protease. FRET assay was developed and validated by the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) values of commercially available inhibitors. Screening of citrus fruit extracts against the native purified fused NS4A-NS3 protease domain showed that the grapefruit mesocarp extract exhibits the highest percentage inhibition 91% of protease activity. Among the compounds identified by LCMS analysis, hesperidin showed strong binding affinity with the protease catalytic triad having S-score value of -10.98. CONCLUSION Fused NS4A-NS3 protease is functionally more active, which is effectively inhibited by hesperidin from the grapefruit mesocarp extract with an IC 50 value of 23.32 µmol/L.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Citrus fruits are important for human health because of their highly nutritious and pharmacological activities[ 51 ]. They are rich in bioactive compounds including flavonoids[ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening and identification of bioactive compounds from citrus against non-structural protein 3 protease of hepatitis C virus genotype 3a by fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay and mass spectrometry

Khan¹,

Rauf²,

Habib³

et al. 2020

WJH

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“…Phenolic compounds are influenced by genetic factors, being associated with the ripening process and phenolic compound metabolism ( Scalzo et al., 2005 ; Atkinson et al., 2006 ; Paula et al., 2015 ). Several factors, such as pest attacks, weather stress, ultraviolet radiation, cultivation site, agricultural practices, harvest and storage, processing and preparation conditions and methods, analytical variability, can cause the quantitative variation of a specific flavonoid in a plant; moreover, location and cultivar accounts for 25% and 33% variability, respectively ( Haytowitz et al., 2013 ; Verma et al., 2019 ). This study confirmed and quantified high rutin contents, particularly in plants grown under B and BUV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light means power: harnessing light spectrum and UV-B to enhance photosynthesis and rutin levels in microtomato plants

Lima,

Rodrigues,

Resende

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Urban vertical agriculture with lighting system can be an alternative green infrastructure to increase local food production irrespective of environmental and soil conditions. In this system, light quality control can improve the plant physiological performance, well as induce metabolic pathways that contribute to producing phenolic compounds important to human health. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of RBW (red, blue and white) and monochromatic (red and blue; R and B, respectively) light associated or not with UV-B on photosynthetic performance and phenolic compound production in microtomato fruits cultivated via vertical agriculture. The experimental design adopted was completely randomized, with six replicates illuminated with 300 µmol·m−2·s−1 light intensities (RBW, RBW + UV, B, B + UV, R, and R + UV), 12 h photoperiod, and 3.7 W·m−2 UV-B irradiation for 1 h daily for the physiological evaluations. Twenty-six days after the installation, gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and nocturnal breathing were evaluated. Fruits in different ripening stages (green, orange, and red) were collected from microtomato plants grown under with different light qualities, to evaluate the physiological performance. The identification and quantification of the phenolic compound rutin was also performed to investigate their metabolic response. This study identified that plants grown under B + UV had high photosynthetic rates (A=11.57 µmol·m−2·s−1) and the fruits at all maturation stages from plants grown under B and B + UV had high rutin content. Meanwhile, the activation of suppressive mechanisms was necessary in plants grown under R because of the high nocturnal respiration and unregulated quantum yield of the non-photochemical dissipation of the photosystem II. These results highlight the importance of selecting light wavelength for vegetable cultivation to produce fruits with a high content of specialized metabolites that influence color, flavor, and health promotion, which is of special interest to farmers using sustainable cropping systems.

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“…The final products in this pathway are flavonoids, phenolic acids, monolignols, coumarins, and stilbenes. Crucial regulatory enzymes, such as phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS), and transcription factors belonging to the MYB family, WD40type or basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) classes are well-known members of the phenylpropanoids pathway and could therefore be keye targets in genetic engineering experiments aimed at increasing wheat adaptation to drought (Falcone Ferreyra et al, 2012;Sharma et al, 2020;Verma et al, 2020). In our study, 33 genes encoding enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (K10775), cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1 (K09753), peroxidase 70-like (K00430), and beta-glucosidase 1 (K05350) were up-regulated in the phenylpropanoid pathway.…”

Section: Differential Gene Expression and Pathway Enrichmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Dynamic Regulatory Gene and Protein Networks in Wheat Roots Upon Perceiving Water Deficit Through Comparative Transcriptomics Survey

et al. 2021

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A well-developed root system benefits host plants by optimizing water absorption and nutrient uptake and thereby increases plant productivity. In this study we have characterized the root transcriptome using RNA-seq and subsequential functional analysis in a set of drought tolerant and susceptible genotypes. The goal of the study was to elucidate and characterize water deficit-responsive genes in wheat landraces that had been through long-term field and biochemical screening for drought tolerance. The results confirm genotype differences in water-deficit tolerance in line with earlier results from field trials. The transcriptomics survey highlighted a total of 14,187 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that responded to water deficit. The characterization of these genes shows that all chromosomes contribute to water-deficit tolerance, but to different degrees, and the B genome showed higher involvement than the A and D genomes. The DEGs were mainly mapped to flavonoid, phenylpropanoid, and diterpenoid biosynthesis pathways, as well as glutathione metabolism and hormone signaling. Furthermore, extracellular region, apoplast, cell periphery, and external encapsulating structure were the main water deficit-responsive cellular components in roots. A total of 1,377 DEGs were also predicted to function as transcription factors (TFs) from different families regulating downstream cascades. TFs from the AP2/ERF-ERF, MYB-related, B3, WRKY, Tify, and NAC families were the main genotype-specific regulatory factors. To further characterize the dynamic biosynthetic pathways, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using significant KEGG proteins and putative TFs. In PPIs, enzymes from the CYP450, TaABA8OH2, PAL, and GST families play important roles in water-deficit tolerance in connection with MYB13-1, MADS-box, and NAC transcription factors.

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Bioflavonoids

Cited by 10 publications

References 161 publications

Screening and identification of bioactive compounds from citrus against non-structural protein 3 protease of hepatitis C virus genotype 3a by fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay and mass spectrometry

Screening and identification of bioactive compounds from citrus against non-structural protein 3 protease of hepatitis C virus genotype 3a by fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay and mass spectrometry

Light means power: harnessing light spectrum and UV-B to enhance photosynthesis and rutin levels in microtomato plants

Characterization of Dynamic Regulatory Gene and Protein Networks in Wheat Roots Upon Perceiving Water Deficit Through Comparative Transcriptomics Survey

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