Biofortification Technologies Used in Agriculture in Relation to Micronutrients

Riaz, Umair; Aziz, Humera; Anum, Wajiha; Mehdi, S. M.; Murtaza, Ghulam; Jamil, Moazzam

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-49856-6_9

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In order to improve the efficiency of the transgenic approach as a biofortification strategy, omics technology has been introduced (20,21). Omics technology explains the interrelationship between genes, proteins, transcripts, metabolites, and nutrients (20)(21)(22). Specific genes control the uptake, transport, concentration, and bioavailability of nutrients by crops.…”

Section: Genetic Engineering/transgenic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transcriptomics (omics technology of transcripts) aids in conducting fullspectrum analysis to identify a specific expressed gene (20,151,152). Proteomics (omics technology of proteins) helps to understand the role of proteins in nutrient synthesis, uptake and transport pathways (21,22). Metabolomics (omics technology of metabolites) aids in assessing metabolic pathways that control the biosynthesis of natural metabolites (153,154), while ionomics considers how minerals present in crops undergo changes in response to genetic and environmental factors (22).…”

Section: Genetic Engineering/transgenic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, omics technology has been introduced to improve the efficiency of transgenic approach as a strategy of biofortification (20,21). It involves identifying suitable genes through genomics/transcriptomics; overexpressing the desired gene through various transformation methods; studying the function of proteins in nutrient synthesis, uptake and transport pathways through proteomics; assessing metabolic pathways that control the biosynthesis of natural metabolites through metabolomics; and assessing the response of minerals to environmental and genetic factors through ionomics (21,22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving nutrition through biofortification–A systematic review

et al. 2022

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Nutritious foods are essential for human health and development. However, malnutrition and hidden hunger continue to be a challenge globally. In most developing countries, access to adequate and nutritious food continues to be a challenge. Although hidden hunger is less prevalent in developed countries compared to developing countries where iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiencies are common. The United Nations (UN) 2nd Sustainable Development Goal was set to eradicate malnutrition and hidden hunger. Hidden hunger has led to numerous cases of infant and maternal mortalities, and has greatly impacted growth, development, cognitive ability, and physical working capacity. This has influenced several countries to develop interventions that could help combat malnutrition and hidden hunger. Interventions such as dietary diversification and food supplementation are being adopted. However, fortification but mainly biofortification has been projected to be the most sustainable solution to malnutrition and hidden hunger. Plant-based foods (PBFs) form a greater proportion of diets in certain populations; hence, fortification of PBFs is relevant in combating malnutrition and hidden hunger. Agronomic biofortification, plant breeding, and transgenic approaches are some currently used strategies in food crops. Crops such as cereals, legumes, oilseeds, vegetables, and fruits have been biofortified through all these three strategies. The transgenic approach is sustainable, efficient, and rapid, making it suitable for biofortification programs. Omics technology has also been introduced to improve the efficiency of the transgenic approach.

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Section: Genetic Engineering/transgenic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genetic Engineering/transgenic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving nutrition through biofortification–A systematic review

et al. 2022

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“…[9] Agronomic zinc biofortification is a readily used approach for Zn biofortification and zinc sulphate heptahydrate (ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O) is generally used chemical for the purpose. [10][11][12][13] It not only improves the bioavailability of zinc in foods but also increases net economic returns by increasing food production and saves billions of dollars by limiting the risk of zinc deficiency. However, the biofortification of Zn through agronomic approaches is a non-eco-friendly approach as only about 20% of the supplied Zn is absorbed by the plants and the rest remains adsorbed on the soil particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano‐Biofortification of Zinc in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Crops

Singh

Shukla

Gaurav

et al. 2023

Macromolecular Symposia

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The present study is carried out to establish the biofortification of zinc in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants through the application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs). The mycogenic ZnONPs are synthesized by using Aspergillus flavus biomass and characterized to ascertain the size, shape, and concentration of synthesized nanoparticles. The ZnONPs are applied by foliar spray to the field-grown potato and tomato crops and the biofortification level is recorded by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). A nanotoxicity assessment is done by comparing the amount of cell death and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in control and ZnONPs treated plants. The AAS analysis reveals significant accumulation of the zinc in leaves of potato plants but insignificant accumulation is observed in the tubers. However, a significant accumulation of zinc is observed in the leaves and fruits of the tomato plants (p ≤ 0.05). The nanotoxicity evaluation studies show comparable and statistically insignificant toxicity in control plants as compared to plants treated with ZnONPs. The study concludes that biofortification through the means of ZnONPs is a cost-effective and eco-friendly approach that can be used as an alternative to the hazardous chemical zinc fertilizers.

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“…(Continued) focus on cultivar improvement in terms of micronutrient accumulation, bioavailability, and suppression of anti-nutrients (Box 1) (10). Biofortification was initially designed to overcome the drawbacks and deficiencies of supplementation (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofortification of Cereals and Pulses Using New Breeding Techniques: Current and Future Perspectives

et al. 2021

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Cereals and pulses are consumed as a staple food in low-income countries for the fulfillment of daily dietary requirements and as a source of micronutrients. However, they are failing to offer balanced nutrition due to deficiencies of some essential compounds, macronutrients, and micronutrients, i.e., cereals are deficient in iron, zinc, some essential amino acids, and quality proteins. Meanwhile, the pulses are rich in anti-nutrient compounds that restrict the bioavailability of micronutrients. As a result, the population is suffering from malnutrition and resultantly different diseases, i.e., anemia, beriberi, pellagra, night blindness, rickets, and scurvy are common in the society. These facts highlight the need for the biofortification of cereals and pulses for the provision of balanced diets to masses and reduction of malnutrition. Biofortification of crops may be achieved through conventional approaches or new breeding techniques (NBTs). Conventional approaches for biofortification cover mineral fertilization through foliar or soil application, microbe-mediated enhanced uptake of nutrients, and conventional crossing of plants to obtain the desired combination of genes for balanced nutrient uptake and bioavailability. Whereas, NBTs rely on gene silencing, gene editing, overexpression, and gene transfer from other species for the acquisition of balanced nutritional profiles in mutant plants. Thus, we have highlighted the significance of conventional and NBTs for the biofortification of cereals and pulses. Current and future perspectives and opportunities are also discussed. Further, the regulatory aspects of newly developed biofortified transgenic and/or non-transgenic crop varieties via NBTs are also presented.

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Biofortification Technologies Used in Agriculture in Relation to Micronutrients

Cited by 6 publications

References 58 publications

Improving nutrition through biofortification–A systematic review

Improving nutrition through biofortification–A systematic review

Nano‐Biofortification of Zinc in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Crops

Biofortification of Cereals and Pulses Using New Breeding Techniques: Current and Future Perspectives

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