Biofortified Orange Maize Enhances β-Cryptoxanthin Concentrations in Egg Yolks of Laying Hens Better than Tangerine Peel Fortificant

Heying, Emily; Tanumihardjo, Jacob P.; Vasic, Vedran; Cook, Mark E.; Palacios-Rojas, Natalia; Tanumihardjo, Sherry A.

doi:10.1021/jf5037195

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The peaks observed at 19.5 minutes in E21 RPE/choroid and retina samples remain unidentified because their visible spectra are not characteristic of carotenoids. The presence of other carotenoids, such as astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin, 7 , 17 , 18 were assessed in separate HPLC runs; none of these carotenoids that are occasionally added to chicken feed were present in our samples. O, 3′-oxolutein; L, lutein; Z, zeaxanthin; β-Cr, β-cryptoxanthin; α-Ca, α-carotene; β-Ca, β-carotene;.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmentally Regulated Production ofmeso-Zeaxanthin in Chicken Retinal Pigment Epithelium/Choroid and Retina

Gorusupudi

Shyam

et al. 2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Purposemeso-Zeaxanthin is a carotenoid that is rarely encountered in nature outside of the vertebrate eye. It is not a constituent of a normal human diet, yet this carotenoid comprises one-third of the primate macular pigment. In the current study, we undertook a systematic approach to biochemically characterize the production of meso-zeaxanthin in the vertebrate eye.MethodsFertilized White Leghorn chicken eggs were analyzed for the presence of carotenoids during development. Yolk, liver, brain, serum, retina, and RPE/choroid were isolated, and carotenoids were extracted. The samples were analyzed on C-30 or chiral HPLC columns to determine the carotenoid composition.ResultsLutein and zeaxanthin were found in all studied nonocular tissues, but no meso-zeaxanthin was ever detected. Among the ocular tissues, the presence of meso-zeaxanthin was consistently observed starting at embryonic day 17 (E17) in the RPE/choroid, several days before its consistent detection in the retina. If RPE/choroid of an embryo was devoid of meso-zeaxanthin, the corresponding retina was always negative as well.ConclusionsThis is the first report of developmentally regulated synthesis of meso-zeaxanthin in a vertebrate system. Our observations suggest that the RPE/choroid is the primary site of meso-zeaxanthin synthesis. Identification of meso-zeaxanthin isomerase enzyme in the developing chicken embryo will facilitate our ability to determine the biochemical mechanisms responsible for production of this unique carotenoid in other higher vertebrates, such as humans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmentally Regulated Production ofmeso-Zeaxanthin in Chicken Retinal Pigment Epithelium/Choroid and Retina

Gorusupudi

Shyam

et al. 2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Furthermore, β-cryptoxanthin levels in livers from chickens fed on the HC diet were higher than those originally present in the HC feed, suggesting that the polar nature of this molecule may facilitate more efficient transfer from the feed to the chicken tissues (Liu et al, 2012). A high concentration of β-cryptoxanthin was detected in yolks from hens fed on a diet based on maize biofortified with β-cryptoxanthin (Liu et al, 2012), and the β-cryptoxanthin concentration in yolks and chicken livers was higher than the initial β-cryptoxanthin content in the feed in hens fed on a biofortified orange-maize diet (Heying et al, 2014). Even so, β-cryptoxanthin was not detected in livers from chickens fed on the control diet or was found at low levels in livers from chickens fed on the commercial diet (0.26 ± 0.05 µg/g fd).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only lutein and zeaxanthin were detected in the serum, which may reflect the preferential transport of these carotenoids in the circulation. Chicken serum contains more HDL than LDL, and β-carotene is mainly carried by LDL whereas lutein and zeaxanthin are carried by HDL (Heying et al, 2014;Parker, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-carotenoid biofortified maize is an alternative to color additives in poultry feed

Díaz-Gómez

Moreno

Angulo

et al. 2017

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Skin color in poultry is achieved by the addition of natural or synthetic pigments to feed. Crops used routinely in feed formulations offer an alternative cost-effective strategy to replace color additives if they are biofortified with sufficient levels of carotenoids. We tested the hypothesis that high-carotenoid (HC) maize, which was genetically engineered to accumulate high levels of β-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin in the endosperm, can replace carotenoid additives in poultry feed by performing two feeding trials using diets incorporating different maize lines with diverse carotenoid compositions: control (wild-type M37W, the parental line), HC, and standard yellow commercial maize supplemented with color additives (marigold flowers and red paprika extracts). The effects of dietary treatments on growth performance, health parameters, color evolution and carotenoid distribution were determined. We found that chickens fed on the HC diet grew normally and developed similar pigmentation to animals fed on a commercial diet supplemented with color additives, although yellowness was significantly higher in the commercial diet due to the high concentration of yellow xanthophylls. Lightness scores in chickens fed on the control, HC and commercial diets

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“…Some of the most important carotenoids in terms of biotechnological and biomedical uses explored so far are: Astaxanthin (3,3′-dihydroxy-β,β′-carotene-4,4′-dione) [ 36 , 39 , 40 ], β-Carotene (β,β-carotene) [ 38 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ], Canthaxanthin (β,β-carotene-4,4′-dione) [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ], β-Cryptoxanthin (hydroxy-β-carotene) [ 38 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ], Fucoxanthin [ 38 , 55 ], Lycopene (ψ,ψ-carotene) [ 33 , 56 , 57 ], Lutein (β,ε-carotene-3,3′-diol) [ 42 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ], Zeaxanthin (β,β-carotene-3,3′-diol) [ 38 , 62 , 63 ], and Violaxanthin (5,6:5′,6′-diepoxy-5,5′,6,6′-tetrahydro-β-carotene-3,3′-diol) [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ].…”

Section: Carotenoids: Structure and Functionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoids from Haloarchaea and Their Potential in Biotechnology

et al. 2015

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The production of pigments by halophilic archaea has been analysed during the last half a century. The main reasons that sustains this research are: (i) many haloarchaeal species possess high carotenoids production availability; (ii) downstream processes related to carotenoid isolation from haloarchaea is relatively quick, easy and cheap; (iii) carotenoids production by haloarchaea can be improved by genetic modification or even by modifying several cultivation aspects such as nutrition, growth pH, temperature, etc.; (iv) carotenoids are needed to support plant and animal life and human well-being; and (v) carotenoids are compounds highly demanded by pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food markets. Several studies about carotenoid production by haloarchaea have been reported so far, most of them focused on pigments isolation or carotenoids production under different culture conditions. However, the understanding of carotenoid metabolism, regulation, and roles of carotenoid derivatives in this group of extreme microorganisms remains mostly unrevealed. The uses of those haloarchaeal pigments have also been poorly explored. This work summarises what has been described so far about carotenoids production by haloarchaea and their potential uses in biotechnology and biomedicine. In particular, new scientific evidence of improved carotenoid production by one of the better known haloarchaeon (Haloferax mediterranei) is also discussed.

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Biofortified Orange Maize Enhances β-Cryptoxanthin Concentrations in Egg Yolks of Laying Hens Better than Tangerine Peel Fortificant

Cited by 34 publications

References 41 publications

Developmentally Regulated Production ofmeso-Zeaxanthin in Chicken Retinal Pigment Epithelium/Choroid and Retina

Developmentally Regulated Production ofmeso-Zeaxanthin in Chicken Retinal Pigment Epithelium/Choroid and Retina

High-carotenoid biofortified maize is an alternative to color additives in poultry feed

Carotenoids from Haloarchaea and Their Potential in Biotechnology

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