Biofuel Plantations on Forested Lands: Double Jeopardy for Biodiversity and Climate

Danielsen, Finn; Beukema, Hendrien; Burgess, Neil D.; Parish, Faizal; Brühl, Carsten A.; Donald, Paul F.; Murdiyarso, Daniel; Phalan, Ben; Reijnders, L.; Struebig, Matthew J.; Fitzherbert, Emily

doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01096.x

Cited by 465 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Global demands for timber and palm oil (e.g. Fitzherbert et al 2008, Danielsen et al 2009, Sodhi et al 2009) mean that increasing areas of habitat are being converted-nearly 80 % of Malaysian Borneo was affected by logging and clearing operations between 1990 and 2009 (Bryan et al 2013), with areas typically following a succession from old growth to logged forest, through to oil palm plantation (McMorrow and Talip 2001;Koh and Wilcove 2008;Bryan et al 2013). Logged forest and oil palm plantations now dominate the landscape of Malaysian Borneo (Bryan et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional structure of ant and termite assemblages in old growth forest, logged forest and oil palm plantation in Malaysian Borneo

et al. 2014

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Forested tropical landscapes around the world are being extensively logged and converted to agriculture, with serious consequences for biodiversity and potentially ecosystem functioning. Here we investigate associations between habitat disturbance and functional diversity of ants and termites-two numerically dominant and functionally important taxa in tropical rain forests that perform key roles in predation, decomposition, nutrient cycling and seed dispersal. We compared ant and termite occurrence and composition within standardised volumes of soil and dead wood in old growth forest, logged forest and oil palm plantation in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Termites occurred substantially less frequently in converted habitats than in old growth forest, whereas ant occurrences were highest in logged forest and lowest in old growth forest. All termite feeding groups had low occurrence in disturbed habitats, with soil feeders occurring even less frequently 123Biodivers Conserv (2014) 23:2817-2832 DOI 10.1007/s10531-014-0750-2 than wood feeders. Ant functional groups showed more variable associations, with some opportunist and behaviourally dominant groups being more abundant in degraded habitats. The importance of ants and termites in tropical ecosystems and such differing patterns of assemblage variation suggest that ecosystem functioning may be significantly altered in converted habitats.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional structure of ant and termite assemblages in old growth forest, logged forest and oil palm plantation in Malaysian Borneo

et al. 2014

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“…Energy supply affects all aspects of human life: social, economic and environmental including access to water, food production, the health of the human population, education and even gender related issues [8][9][10][11][12]. Therefore, the provision of energy for our civilization is one of the key tasks in the implementation of the sustainable development [2][3][4][5]13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Biofuels on Environment and Sustainable Development

Cao¹,

Pawłowski²

2013

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Nowadays world faces crisis caused by growing energy demand. Threat of climate change caused by the increased emission of CO2 from burning of fossil fuels exerts pressure on wider use of renewable energy resources. It is believed that one of important resources of renewable energy are biofuels. In the paper we present that in the most cases it is not true. Wide use of biofuel, especially in European Union, poses threat to sustainable development of today's world. It is going to be presented that the production of biofuels from agricultural crops is, in many cases, unsustainable due to the fact that it reduces the access to food by devoting cultivatable land to crops designated for the production of biofuels. What is more, it has also negative influence on the environment, namely it reduces biodiversity, pollute water and, what is curious, not in all cases the use of biofuels leads to the reduction of CO2 emission.

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“…The high ecosystem productivity is possible despite the nutrient-poor soils because of efficient cycling of rock-derived nutrients (phosphorus (P) and base cations) between vegetation and soil and also high soil nitrogen (N) availability caused by biological N fixation (Hedin et al, 2009). Conversion of tropical forest to agricultural land-use systems does not only decrease biodiversity and contribute to climate change (Danielsen et al, 2009) but also alters soil fertility and soil physical properties in the newly established land-use systems (Dechert et al, 2004;Klinge et al, 2004). Burning of slashed vegetation is typically part of forest conversion, releasing large amounts of nutrients previously bound in the vegetation.…”

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Soil fertility controls soil–atmosphere carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in a tropical landscape converted from lowland forest to rubber and oil palm plantations

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Expansion of palm oil and rubber production, for which global demand is increasing, causes rapid deforestation in Sumatra, Indonesia, and is expected to continue in the next decades. Our study aimed to (1) quantify changes in soil CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes with land-use change and (2) determine their controlling factors. In Jambi Province, Sumatra, we selected two landscapes on heavily weathered soils that differ mainly in texture: loam and clay Acrisol soils. In each landscape, we investigated the reference land-use types (forest and secondary forest with regenerating rubber) and the converted land-use types (rubber, 7-17 years old, and oil palm plantations, 9-16 years old). We measured soil CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes monthly from December 2012 to December 2013. Annual soil CO 2 fluxes from the reference land-use types were correlated with soil fertility: low extractable phosphorus (P) coincided with high annual CO 2 fluxes from the loam Acrisol soil that had lower fertility than the clay Acrisol soil (P < 0.05). Soil CO 2 fluxes from the oil palm (107.2 to 115.7 mg C m −2 h −1 ) decreased compared to the other land-use types (between 178.7 and 195.9 mg C m −2 h −1 ; P < 0.01). Across land-use types, annual CO 2 fluxes were positively correlated with soil organic carbon (C) and negatively correlated with 15 N signatures, extractable P and base saturation. This suggests that the reduced soil CO 2 fluxes from oil palm were the result of strongly decomposed soil organic matter and reduced soil C stocks due to reduced litter input as well as being due to a possible reduction in C allocation to roots due to improved soil fertility from liming and P fertilization in these plantations. Soil CH 4 uptake in the reference landuse types was negatively correlated with net nitrogen (N) mineralization and soil mineral N, suggesting N limitation of CH 4 uptake, and positively correlated with exchangeable aluminum (Al), indicating a decrease in methanotrophic activity at high Al saturation. Reduction in soil CH 4 uptake in the converted land-use types (ranging from −3.0 to −14.9 µg C m −2 h −1 ) compared to the reference land-use types (ranging from −20.8 to −40.3 µg C m −2 h −1 ; P < 0.01) was due to a decrease in soil N availability in the converted land-use types. Our study shows for the first time that differences in soil fertility control the soil-atmosphere exchange of CO 2 and CH 4 in a tropical landscape, a mechanism that we were able to detect by conducting this study on the landscape scale.

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Biofuel Plantations on Forested Lands: Double Jeopardy for Biodiversity and Climate

Cited by 465 publications

References 57 publications

Functional structure of ant and termite assemblages in old growth forest, logged forest and oil palm plantation in Malaysian Borneo

Functional structure of ant and termite assemblages in old growth forest, logged forest and oil palm plantation in Malaysian Borneo

Effect of Biofuels on Environment and Sustainable Development

Soil fertility controls soil–atmosphere carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in a tropical landscape converted from lowland forest to rubber and oil palm plantations

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