Biofunctionalization of titanium surface with multilayer films modified by heparin‐VEGF‐fibronectin complex to improve endothelial cell proliferation and blood compatibility

Abstract

In-stent restenosis and subsequent thrombosis remain a significant complication following the implantation of coronary stents. Different approaches have been used in developing novel coronary stents to protect against thrombosis and minimize restenosis. In the present study, we designed a biomacromolecular layer-by-layer coating with heparin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and fibronectin onto nickel-free titanium surface to improve blood compatibility and endothelial cell proliferation. The multilayer assembling process was monitored by water contact angle and surface plasmon resonance, respectively. With increasing the number of layers, the deposition of polyelectrolyte as self-assembled ultrathin multilayer films showed linear growth of absorbance. In vitro blood compatibility results revealed that the fabricated layers prolonged activated partial thrombin time and prothrombin time, reduced platelets activation and aggregation, and reduced blood hemolysis rate. Cell adhesion and growth results showed that the assembled multilayer films significantly promoted cell attachment and growth, and the endothelialization property of the multilayer films was preferable compared with the untreated titanium disk. In conclusion, these results suggest that titanium surface modification using biofunctional multilayer films composed of heparin, VEGF, and fibronectin may serve as a potential approach to inhibit thrombosis and promote re-endothelialization of cardiovascular stents.

Study of biocompatibility of medical grade high nitrogen nickel-free austenitic stainless steel in vitro

“…If the hemolysis rate was less than 5%, medical materials were conformed to the hemolysis test requirements according to national biological safety [32]. In this experiment, the blood compatibility of the samples was tested in vitro by a direct contact method ( Table 4).…”

Multifunctional biomaterial coatings: synthetic challenges and biological activity

“…To improve blood compatibility and endothelialization of vascular materials as titanium, a layer-by-layer system was built up consisting of heparin, VEGF and fibronectin (Table 4, line h). Diminished platelet activation and aggregation as well as improved cell attachment and proliferation were obtained by the resulting multifunctional coating (Wang et al, 2013). The strong interaction of heparin and SDF-1 was also applied for the coating of cardiovascular devices.…”

Hemocompatible polyethersulfone/polyurethane composite membrane for high-performance antifouling and antithrombotic dialyzer

“…5,6 In the past decades, with the aim of improved blood compatibility or reduced anticoagulant dosage, tremendous efforts had been taken to improve the hemocompatibility of artificial polymeric materials. [7][8][9] Many functional synthesized polymers and biopolymers, such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), phospholipid polymers, protein, and heparin, have been introduced onto the surface of polymeric membranes by various methods such as bulk blending, 10,11 surface plasma treatment, 12 surface grafting, 13,14 surface coating, [15][16][17] and so forth. Among the methods, blending of composite components is the most industrially and clinically…”