“…In this regard, the paper has come up as a promising alternative. The paper consists of randomly three-dimensionally arranged cellulose fibrils to form a porous matrix of <200 μm thickness. , Moreover, the features such as biocompatibility, cost-effectiveness, easy availability, passive mass-transport (via capillary action in the micron level dimensionality), suitability to chemical and physical modifications, and flexible nature have led to its vast exploration in the field of biomedical engineering. , Over the past few years, the paper matrix has been for the development of various cell-based assays including in-cell ELISA, , cell migration/invasion assay, − drug screening, − cellular cross-talk, and solute release quantification . To the best of our knowledge, there exist only a few studies pertaining to the culture of liver cells on the paper, ,,, and only a single study that addresses the impact of 3D paper matrix on the hepatocyte functionality with an aim toward the development of the functional liver tissue coculture model on paper chip .…”