Biogas combustion with various oxidizers in a nanosecond DBD microplasma burner

Paulauskas, Rolandas; Martuzevičius, Dainius; Patel, Ravi; Pelders, J.E.H.; Nijdam, S Sander; Dam, Nico; Tichonovas, Martynas; Striūgas, Nerijus; Zakarauskas, Kęstutis

doi:10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2020.110166

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Further increase in O 2 content from 25 to 30 vol% also led to increased OH* emission intensities and the chamber temperatures. A similar trend of OH* emission intensity increase, due to a higher O 2 content in the oxidizer was also determined in previous works [27,39]. According to He et al [18], the OH* formation reaction (7) dominates under oxygen-enriched conditions as the intensity of reaction ( 7) is enhanced when the concentration of O 2 in the oxidizer increases and vice versa.…”

Section: Changes In Flame Chemiluminescencesupporting

confidence: 85%

Investigation of Waste Biogas Flame Stability Under Oxygen or Hydrogen-Enriched Conditions

Striūgas¹,

Paulauskas²,

Skvorčinskienė³

et al. 2020

Energies

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Increasing production rates of the biomethane lead to increased generation of waste biogases. These gases should be utilized on-site to avoid pollutant emissions to the atmosphere. This study presents a flexible swirl burner (~100 kW) with an adiabatic chamber capable of burning unstable composition waste biogases. The main combustion parameters and chemiluminescence emission spectrums were examined by burning waste biogases containing from 5 to 30 vol% of CH4 in CO2 under air, O2-enriched atmosphere, or with the addition of hydrogen. The tested burner ensured stable combustion of waste biogases with CH4 content not less than 20 vol%. The addition of up to 5 vol% of H2 expanded flammability limits, and stable combustion of the mixtures with CH4 content of 15 vol% was achieved. The burner flexibility to work under O2-enriched air conditions showed more promising results, and the flammability limit was expanded up to 5 vol% of CH4 in CO2. However, the combustion under O2-enriched conditions led to increased NOx emissions (up to 1100 ppm). Besides, based on chemiluminescence emission spectrums, a linear correlation between the spectral intensity ratio of OH* and CH* (IOH*/ICH*) and CH4 content in CO2 was presented, which predicts blow-off limits burning waste biogases under different H2 or O2 enrichments.

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Section: Changes In Flame Chemiluminescencesupporting

confidence: 85%

Investigation of Waste Biogas Flame Stability Under Oxygen or Hydrogen-Enriched Conditions

Striūgas¹,

Paulauskas²,

Skvorčinskienė³

et al. 2020

Energies

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“…Biogas combustion with nanosecond DBD was conducted to improve the flame stability under oxygen-enriched air, demonstrating that the flammability limit of biogas increased, but DBD had little effect on combustion enhancement. 21 Biogas reforming with a nonthermal gliding arc plasma was carried out to convert biogas to H 2 -rich gas; a CH 4 conversion of 48.8%, H 2 yield of 23.4%, and H 2 selectivity of 47.8% were thus obtained. 22 On the other hand, 2.45 GHz microwave plasma has higher plasma density and uniformity than discharge plasma and DBD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the effective use of fossil fuels and diversification of fuels have become important concerns due to problems such as depletion of fossil fuels, global warming, and the nuclear accident during the Great East Japan Earthquake. Extensive global research has been conducted to expand the use of low-grade fuels such as brown coal − and carbon-neutral fuels, such as biomass − and biofuels. − Among these next-generation fuels, biogas has received particular interest. − Biogas is a carbon-neutral fuel produced by methane fermentation of food waste, livestock manure, sewage sludge, etc., and CO 2 generated by biogas combustion is not counted as a greenhouse gas. However, the flame stability of biogas is low because biogas is composed of ∼60% CH 4 and ∼40% CO 2 , and its calorific value is very low.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With reference to these studies, plasma-assisted combustion was applied to biogas combustion or reforming. Biogas combustion with nanosecond DBD was conducted to improve the flame stability under oxygen-enriched air, demonstrating that the flammability limit of biogas increased, but DBD had little effect on combustion enhancement . Biogas reforming with a nonthermal gliding arc plasma was carried out to convert biogas to H 2 -rich gas; a CH 4 conversion of 48.8%, H 2 yield of 23.4%, and H 2 selectivity of 47.8% were thus obtained .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Nozzle Shape on Partial Oxidation Reforming of Biogas Using Microwave Plasma

et al. 2021

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Biogas, composed of ∼60% CH 4 and ∼40% CO 2 , is a carbon-neutral fuel but suffers from low flame stability. Thus, for effective utilization, the combustion reaction must be enhanced or biogas must be upgraded. Herein, microwave plasma-assisted combustion was utilized for partial oxidation reforming of biogas to enhance the reforming reaction and to upgrade biogas. The characteristics of the biogas reforming process and effects of the nozzle shape were investigated using four different nozzles. The small thin nozzle suppressed microwave attenuation to the greatest extent and thus most effectively promoted the reforming reaction. Microwave plasma not only reformed CH 4 into H 2 and CO but also decomposed CO 2 (which does not have any calorific value) into CO (which has calorific value); thus, the maximum cold gas efficiency achieved with the small thin nozzle was 112.7%, and the biogas was upgraded. Biogas reforming using O 2 as an oxidizer was also evaluated to improve the cold gas efficiency, but the cold gas efficiency undesirably decreased in this reaction relative to that using air with N 2 as the oxidizer because the reforming reactions are enhanced by increasing the active radicals like H and OH in the latter.

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“…For instance, because the low calorific value gas (such as biogas and landfill gas) has low adiabatic flame temperature, low burning velocity, and high radiant heat loss because of the presence of massive diluents (such as CO 2 and N 2 ) in fuel gas, the flame resistance to extinction was rather weaker than the methane flame. 2 , 3 Additionally, flame quenching is a common occurrence in microscale combustion devices (such as micro gas turbine and micro thermo-photovoltaic applications) because of the excessive depletion of reactive radicals at the combustor walls. 4 , 5 Therefore, studies on flame extinction may be valuable for the design of extinction-resistant combustors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of H₂ Addition on Flammability Dynamics and Extinction Physics of Dimethyl Ether in Laminar Spherical Diffusion Flame

et al. 2020

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Flame extinction is one of the most essential critical flame features in combustion because of its relevance to combustion safety, efficiency, and pollutant emissions. In this paper, detailed simulations were conducted to investigate the effect of H 2 addition on dimethyl ether spherical diffusion flame in microgravitational condition, in terms of flame structure, flammability, and extinction mechanism. The mole fraction of H 2 in the fuel mixture was varied from 0 to 15% by 5% in increment. The chemical explosive mode analysis (CEMA) method was employed to reveal the controlling physicochemical processes in extinction. The results show that the cool flame in microgravitational diffusive geometry had the “double-reaction-zone” structure which consisted of rich and lean reaction segments, while the hot flame featured the “single-reaction-zone” structure. We found that the existence of “double-reaction-zone” was responsible for the stable self-sustained cool flame because the lean zone merged with the rich zone when the cool flame was close to extinction. Additionally, the effect of H 2 addition on the cool flame was distinctively different from that of the hot flame. Both hot- and cool-flame flammability limits were significantly extended because of H 2 addition but for different reasons. Besides, for each H 2 addition case, the chemical explosive mode eigenvalues with the complex number appeared in the near-extinction zone, which implies the oscillation nature of flame in this zone which may induce extinction before the steady-state extinction turning point on the S -curve. Furthermore, as revealed by CEMA analysis, contributions of the most dominated species for extinction changed significantly with varying H 2 additions, while contributions of the key reactions for extinction at varying H 2 additions were basically identical.

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Biogas combustion with various oxidizers in a nanosecond DBD microplasma burner

Cited by 20 publications

References 63 publications

Investigation of Waste Biogas Flame Stability Under Oxygen or Hydrogen-Enriched Conditions

Investigation of Waste Biogas Flame Stability Under Oxygen or Hydrogen-Enriched Conditions

Influence of Nozzle Shape on Partial Oxidation Reforming of Biogas Using Microwave Plasma

Effects of H₂ Addition on Flammability Dynamics and Extinction Physics of Dimethyl Ether in Laminar Spherical Diffusion Flame

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Biogas combustion with various oxidizers in a nanosecond DBD microplasma burner

Cited by 20 publications

References 63 publications

Investigation of Waste Biogas Flame Stability Under Oxygen or Hydrogen-Enriched Conditions

Investigation of Waste Biogas Flame Stability Under Oxygen or Hydrogen-Enriched Conditions

Influence of Nozzle Shape on Partial Oxidation Reforming of Biogas Using Microwave Plasma

Effects of H2 Addition on Flammability Dynamics and Extinction Physics of Dimethyl Ether in Laminar Spherical Diffusion Flame

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Product

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Effects of H₂ Addition on Flammability Dynamics and Extinction Physics of Dimethyl Ether in Laminar Spherical Diffusion Flame