Biogas from poultry waste—production and energy potential

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on poultry litter with different levels of reutilisation for potential generation of biogas in experimental biodigesters. Chicken litter used was obtained from two small-scale poultry houses where 14 birds m were housed for a period of 42 days per cycle. Litter from aviary 1 received no heat treatment while each batch of litter produced from aviary 2 underwent a fermentation process. For each batch taken, two biodigesters were set for each aviary, with hydraulic retention time of 35 days. The efficiency of the biodigestion process was evaluated by biogas production in relation to total solids (TS) added, as well as the potential for power generation. Quantified volumes ranged from 8.9 to 41.1 L of biogas for aviary 1, and 6.7 to 33.9 L of biogas for aviary 2, with the sixth bed reused from both aviaries registering the largest biogas potential. Average potential biogas in m kg of TS added were 0.022 to 0.034 for aviary 1 and 0.015 to 0.022 for aviary 2. Energy values ​​of biogas produced were calculated based on calorific value and ranged from 0.06 to 0.33 kWh for chicken litter without fermentation and from 0.05 to 0.27 kWh for chicken litter with fermentation. It was concluded that the re-use of poultry litter resulted in an increase in biogas production, and the use of fermentation in the microbiological treatment of poultry litter seems to have negatively influenced production of biogas.

A biodigestão como ferramenta para a sustentabilidade avícola – uma revisão

“…Segundo Seman et al (2019) o potencial energético do biogás é dado pelo teor de metano, que confere ao biogás um alto poder calorífico, o qual varia de 22.500 a 25.000 kJ m -3 , e que, submetido a um alto índice de purificação, pode gerar um índice de até 35.800 kJ m -3 . Estudos indicam que há uma linearidade crescente na produção de biogás com a reutilização da cama de frango de corte (Dornelas et al, 2017). Santos (2001), ao realizar biodigestão com substratos de cama de frangos de corte com 15% de inóculo, obteve biogás com teores de CH4 em torno de 65%.…”

“…Aires et al (2010) encontraram valor de 64,87% de CH4 ao efetuarem a biodigestão de cama de frangos de corte de 3º lote de utilização, água e inóculo, com separação da fração sólida, em 21 dias de retenção hidráulica. Dornelas et al (2017) ao avaliarem o potencial de geração do biogás em biodigestores experimentais a partir de diferentes números de reutilizações do material cama de frangos de corte, observaram um aumento linear no teor de metano (60 a 80%) com o número de reutilizações (camas reutilizadas de 1 a 4 ciclos). Do processo de biodigestão resulta também um tipo de biofertilizante, como supracitado, que pode ser utilizado para aumentar a produção e a produtividade das plantações (Ribeiro et al, 2020;Rêgo et al, 2021).…”

Broiler house litter processing by anaerobic digestion using enzymes

“…There are many studies in the literature on biogas production from poultry manure and litter [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14], but only a few [ 15,16] when biogas was produced in a mixture with sawdust. Miah [16 ] evaluated a mixture of rice hulls, sawdust and chicken excreta of broilers mixed with the cosubstrate cow dung and poultry droppings for the production of biogas.…”

Effect of litter treatment with probiotic bacteria on ammonia reduction in commercial broiler farm

“…Chemical treatments are based on compounds (e.g., dry acids) that reduce NH 3 emissions by lowering the pH of the litter and converting volatile NH 3 into non-volatile ammonium (NH 4 ) [13]. However, this approach is highly invasive and reduces the overall use of poultry litter [14].…”