Biogas powering a small tubular solid oxide fuel cell

Staniforth, John Z.; Kendall, Kevin

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(97)02762-6

Cited by 116 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This is the first report using methanogenic bacteria in the shrimp pond sludge for the digestion of bagasse and molasses. Furthermore, the produced biogas was used as fuel for the test on SOFC in which direct internal reforming (DIR) technology (Staniforth and Kendall, 1998;Yentekakis, 2006;Janardhanan et al, 2007;Shiratori et al, 2008;Lanzini and Leone, 2010;Leone et al, 2012;Papadam et al, 2012;Lanzini et al, 2013) using a paper-structured catalyst (PSC; Fukahori et al, 2006;Shiratori et al, 2015;Shiratori and Sakamoto, 2016) was applied to achieve SOFC power generation by direct feed of the biogas without any fuel processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas Production from Local Biomass Feedstock in the Mekong Delta and Its Utilization for a Direct Internal Reforming Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Shiratori

Yamakawa

Sakamoto

et al. 2017

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Fuel-flexible solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technologies are presently under study in a Vietnam-Japan international joint research project. The purpose of this project is to develop and demonstrate an SOFC-incorporated energy circulation system for the sustainable development of the Mekong Delta region. Lab-scale methane fermentation experiments in this study with a mixture of biomass feedstock collected in the Mekong Delta (shrimp pond sludge, bagasse, and molasses from sugar production) recorded biogas production yield over 400 L kgVS −1 with H 2 S concentration below 50 ppm level. This real biogas was directly supplied to an SOFC without any fuel processing such as desulfurization, methane enrichment and pre-reforming, and stable power generation was achieved by applying paper-structured catalyst (PSC) technology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas Production from Local Biomass Feedstock in the Mekong Delta and Its Utilization for a Direct Internal Reforming Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Shiratori

Yamakawa

Sakamoto

et al. 2017

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…[18] The use of synthetic or real biogas in SOFCs has not only been modeled in numerous publications, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] but has also been investigated in experimental studies. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Most research work has been done with internal reforming systems. If the experiments are not performed in furnaces, internal reforming can suffer from two disadvantages: high temperature gradients over the cell and the risk of carbon formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Dry‐Reforming of Biogas: Reactor Design and SOFC System Integration

et al. 2013

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Biogas is an attractive fuel for solid oxide fuel cell applications because of the high CO2 content. Its composition allows a high electrical efficiency without adding external water to the system. Because of the CO2 reforming reaction only a very small amount of air is needed for partial oxidation, which is why the process could be called oxidative dry‐reforming. Herein, this concept is demonstrated by a thermodynamic analysis of the process and experimental system and component results. In order to realize a high yield of electrical power from the SOFC stack, a large flow of chemical energy into the stack is needed. To achieve this goal the efficiency of the reforming process is essential. With optimized reforming conditions it is possible to increase the chemical energy content of the fuel by adding an ample amount of heat to the reforming step. To achieve this in practice, the necessary heat flow to the reformer has to be calculated for a given operating temperature. Based on these thermodynamic calculations a reactor was built and tested. After successful laboratory tests the reactor was integrated into an SOFC system, where the necessary heat for the reforming step was supplied by the afterburner. The results of the component tests were verified under system conditions. Based on this system concept a high value for the electrical efficiency (ηel>0.5) of the system was achieved.

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“…However, to do it properly, detailed modeling and numerical analyses of the phenomena occurring inside the reformer are required. The use of biogas in a small tubular SOFC unit was studied in the past (Thyberg and Myrkn, 1995;Staniforth and Kendall, 1998). High yields of hydrogen from biogas were obtained at relatively low temperatures and low steam-to-carbon ratios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Staniforth and Kendall (1998) show that biogas is a suitable fuel for high-temperature fuel cells even when the methane content was below the value at which normal combustion can occur (20% methane to carbon dioxide). They also showed that the formation of carbon is a major problem during the biogas reforming process and must be minimized (Thyberg and Myrkn, 1995;Staniforth and Kendall, 1998). To do so, both the thermal management and catalyst material must be taken into consideration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Biogas Reforming Process on Ni/YSZ and Ni/SDC Catalysts

Szmyd¹

2012

Int. J. Thermo

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The conversion of biogas to electricity presents an attractive niche application for fuel cells. Thus attempts have been made to use biogas as a fuel for high temperature fuel cell systems such as SOFC. Biogas can be converted to hydrogen-rich fuel in a reforming process. For hydrocarbon-based fuel, three types of fuel conversion can be considered in reforming reactions: an external reforming system, an indirect internal reforming system and a direct internal reforming system. The possibility of using internal reforming is one of the characteristics of high temperature fuel cells like SOFC. However, for high-temperature operation, thermal management of the SOFC system becomes an important issue. To properly carry out thermal management, both detailed modeling and numerical analyses of the phenomena occurring inside the SOFC system are required. In the present work, the process of reforming biogas on a Ni/YSZ and a Ni/SDC catalyst has been numerically and experimentally investigated. Measurements including different thermal boundary conditions, steam-to-carbon ratios and several different fuel compositions were taken. A numerical model containing methane/steam reforming reaction, dry reforming reaction and shift reaction has been proposed to predict the gas mixture composition at the reformer outlet. The results of numerical computation were compared with experimental data and good agreement has been found. The results indicate the importance of combined numerical and experimental studies in the design of SOFC reformers. The combined approach used here leads to the successful prediction of the outlet gas composition for different modeling conditions.

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Biogas powering a small tubular solid oxide fuel cell

Cited by 116 publications

References 4 publications

Biogas Production from Local Biomass Feedstock in the Mekong Delta and Its Utilization for a Direct Internal Reforming Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Biogas Production from Local Biomass Feedstock in the Mekong Delta and Its Utilization for a Direct Internal Reforming Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Oxidative Dry‐Reforming of Biogas: Reactor Design and SOFC System Integration

An Analysis of Biogas Reforming Process on Ni/YSZ and Ni/SDC Catalysts

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