Biogas production from anaerobic co-digestion using kitchen waste and poultry manure as substrate—part 1: substrate ratio and effect of temperature

Abstract

The rapidly declining fossil fuels are no longer able to meet the ever-increasing energy demand. Moreover, they are considered responsible for greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, contributing to the global warming. On the other hand, organic wastes, such as kitchen waste (KW) and poultry manure (PM), represent considerable pollution threat to the environment, if not properly managed. Therefore, anaerobic co-digestion of KW and PM could be a sustainable way of producing clean and renewable energy in the form of biogas while minimizing environmental impact. In this study, the anaerobic co-digestion of KW with PM was studied to assess the rate of cumulative biogas (CBG) production and methane percentage in four digester setups (D1, D2, D3, and D4) operated in batch mode. Each digester setup consisted of five parallelly connected laboratory-scale digesters having a capacity of 1 L each. The digester setups were fed with KW and PM at ratios of 1:0 (D1), 1:1 (D2), 2:1 (D3), and 3:1 (D4) at a constant loading rate of 300 mg/L with 50 gm cow manure (CM) as inoculum and were studied at both room temperature (28 °C) and mesophilic temperature (37 °C) over 24 days. The co-digestion of KW with PM demonstrated a synergistic effect which was evidenced by a 16% and 74% increase in CBG production and methane content, respectively, in D2 over D1. The D3 with 66.7% KW and 33.3% PM produced the highest CBG and methane percentage (396 ± 8 mL and 36%) at room temperature. At mesophilic condition, all the digesters showed better performance, and the highest CBG (920 ± 11 mL) and methane content (48%) were observed in D3. The study suggests that co-digestion of KW and PM at mesophilic condition might be a promising way to increase the production of biogas with better methane composition by ensuring nutrient balance, buffering capacity, and stability of the digester.

Enhancement of anaerobic digestion by co-digesting food waste and water hyacinth in improving treatment of organic waste and bio-methane recovery

“…This contributes to lower activity and growth of the methanogens. A similar observation was reported by ( Rahman et al., 2021 ) in his study when he mono-digested Kitchen Waste (KW) where he reported that due to higher food to microorganism ratio resulted in lowering of the methanogenic activity. However, from this study, it was noted that co-digesting FW with WH improved the percentage of methane in biogas.…”

“…The methane percentage from WH was 58% this could be attributed to the inhibition caused by the excess ammonia due to the low C/N ratio of the WH. High amounts of ammonia result in the inhibition of the methanogenic activity of acetotrophic methanogens which are very sensitive to ammonia hence lowering methane production ( Rahman et al., 2021 ). These results are consistent with the observations made by ( Wang et al., 2012 ), when he co-digested rice straw, dairy manure, and chicken manure it was observed that there was an increased methane content under mesophilic conditions.…”

Biogas substrates performance ranking based on sustainability potential, biodegradability, and yield characterization: the case of an area in Southwest Nigeria

“…Based on previous research, existing biogas substrates can be classified to include plant waste [21], animal waste [11,22], food waste [23], fruit waste [24,25], and agricultural products [26]. Biogas productivity from these substrates is affected by physicochemical conditions [11] such as feedstock type, pH, temperature, carbonnitrogen content, Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD], fermentation nutritional requirements, Volatile Fatty Acid [VFA], Total Solid (TS) and Volatile Solid (VS) content [27,28].…”

Process Simulation and Optimization of Anaerobic Co-Digestion

“…An experimental work using a batch reactor has been reported for biogas production using sewage sludge and cow dung (Rao and Baral, 2011). It is also found that kitchen waste and poultry manure are potential candidates for biogas production (Rahman et al, 2021). Researchers showed that the AcoD of animal manure and food waste could produce a high amount of methane yield using batch and semi-continuous processes (Zhang et al, 2013).…”