Biogeneration of volatile organic compounds produced by Phormidium autumnale in heterotrophic bioreactor

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced from heterotrophic cultivation of the cyanobacterium Phormidium autumnale with different sources of monosaccharides. The volatiles were isolated by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction in different residence times, separated by gas chromatography, and identified by mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS). The profile of volatiles contained a total of 44 volatile compounds when P. autumnale was grown heterotrophically on glucose and 35 when grown on fructose. A combined total of 68 compounds was identified and 11 volatiles were common to both extracts. The compound 3-methyl-butanol was identified among the major volatile compounds formed, reaching a concentration of 141.5 μg mg −1 dry weight for the glucosegrown cultures and 69.5 μg mg −1 for the fructose-grown cultures after 144 h. Many of the compounds detected during heterotrophic cultivation originated from terpenoids (β-ionone, β-cyclocitral, and 5,6-epoxy-β-ionone), fatty acids (hexanol, hexanal), or the 2-keto acid pathway (3-methyl-butanol, propanol, butanol).

Insight on a comprehensive profile of volatile compounds of Chlorella vulgaris extracted by two “green” methods

“…The incorporation of microalgae into foodstuffs can also modify the overall flavor leading to desirable or, on the contrary, to unwanted organoleptic properties. Some data are available on the profile in volatile compounds of microalgae (Abdel‐Baky, Shallan, El‐ Baroty, & El‐Baz, ; Isleten Hosoglu, ; Van Durme, Goiris, De Winne, De Cooman, & Muylaert, ), and on the impact of the growth phases (Zhou et al., ), the process, and the conditions of storage on this profile (Santos, Fernandes, Wagner, Jacob‐Lopes, & Zepka, ). Depending on culture and environmental conditions, the microalgae are able to produce a variety of volatile compounds (Isleten Hosoglu, ; Van Durme et al., ).…”

“…Nevertheless, few are the reported studies concerning the analysis of the whole profile of volatile compounds produced by microalgae (Abdel-Baky et al, 2002;Santos et al, 2016;Van Durme et al, 2013;Zhou et al, 2017). Rzama, Benharref, Arreguy, and Dufourc (1995) performed the extraction of an essential oil from Chlorella vulgaris.…”

“…2013). The linear aldehydes such as hexanal are often derived from chemical lipid oxidation(Santos et al, 2016;Van Durme et al, 2013) and/or autoxidation or enzymatic oxidation of linoleic acid(Belitz et al, 2004;Isleten Hosoglu, 2018;Jayasena, Ahn, Nam, & Jo, 2013;Zhou et al, 2017). Aromatic aldehydes (3-methylbutanal and benzaldehyde) are typically formed due to enzymatic oxidation of lipid and protein oxidation(Van Durme et al, 2013).…”

Occurrence of earthy–musty taste and odors in the Taihu Lake, China: spatial and seasonal patterns

“…25 An earlier study also identied it as a T&O compound in lake water. Algae, C. caldarium, 26 S. uvella, 26 S. subspicatus, 27 P. autumnale 28 and red cyanobacterium (P. rubescens) 29 are the main producers of b-ionone; however, only M. aeruginosa is the dominating species in the Taihu Lake. 30 Similar producers and generation pathways were found for bcyclocitral, which contribute to the blue color formed in the natural environment with the lysis of cyanobacteria and play a key role in the life of Microcystis.…”

Compostos Fenólicos Produzidos a Partir De Microalgas

“…Dentre esses microrganismos as clorofíceas e cianobactérias estão entre as linhagens que tem sido fortemente exploradas em função do seu potencial produção de biomassa associado a esses valiosos compostos celulares, os quais podem ser amplamente aplicados como insumos intermediários e produtos finais de processos relacionados à bioenergia, alimentação e farmacêuticos (Zepka et al, 2008;Jacob-Lopes et al, 2010;Zepka et al, 2010;Queiroz et al, 2011;2014;Rodrigues et al 2015;Santos et al, 2016;Maroneze et al, 2016).…”