BIOGENESIS OF THE ESTROGENS: THE CONVERSION OF TESTOSTERONE-4-C<sup>14</sup>TO ESTRONE IN THE PREGNANT MARE<sup>1</sup>

Heard, R. D. H.; Jellinck, Peter H.; O'Donnell, V. J.

doi:10.1210/endo-57-2-200

Cited by 59 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Three recrystallizations yielded specific activities of 131, 149, and 127 respectively. The conversion of Cig steroids to estrogens has been amply demonstrated (5,11,12) and the fact that the Ci 9 -19-hydroxy compound is an intermediate in estrogen biosynthesis strongly indicated (1, 2, 3). It has now been demonstrated for the first time that in an incubation using a human placental preparation with A 4 -androstene-3,17-dione as the substrate that in addition to a good yield of estrone, 19-hydroxy-A 4 -androstene-3,17-dione could be demonstrated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

19-HYDROXY-Δ⁴-ANDROSTENE-3,17-DIONE AN INTERMEDIATE IN ESTROGEN BIOSYNTHESIS¹

et al. 1960

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

19-HYDROXY-Δ⁴-ANDROSTENE-3,17-DIONE AN INTERMEDIATE IN ESTROGEN BIOSYNTHESIS¹

et al. 1960

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“…These views were later sup ported by the finding that increased excretion of estrogens accompanied the administration of androgens to man (129)(130)(131). Proof for the conversion of androgens to estrogens in the body was obtained by Heard and colleagues (132,133) who isolated radioactive estrone from the urine after administra tion of testosterone-4-C14 to a pregnant mare. Comparison of the yield in this experiment with the formation of radioactive estrogens from acetate made it unlikely that the administered steroid had undergone extensive degradation.…”

Section: Estrogen Biosynthesis and Aromatization Of Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Enzymatic Mechanisms in Steroid Biochemistry

Talalay¹

1965

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

105

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This selective review of the present status of steroid biochemistry is con fined largely to consideration of the enzymatic basis of the transformations of steroids. This subject was comprehensively reviewed in 1957 (1). The in tervening years have witnessed considerable progress toward a better under standing of the manner of formation of the truly formidable number and variety of steroids from animal, plant, and microbial sources.Although this review is oriented toward discussion of the effects of en zymes on steroids, there is intense interest in the effects of steroids on enzyme systems and the possible relation of these phenomena to the molecular basis of steroid hormone action. Progress in the understanding of the details of the biosynthesis of both proteins and nucleic acids has made it possible to show that the regulatory influences of a number of hormones may find a common . basis in the control of the synthesis of various specific prot�ins. This control appears to be exerted at least in part on the process of the transcription of genetic information which directs protein synthesis. Many new studies have appeared in this area since the review by Tomkins & Maxwell (2), and excellent comprehensive discussions of this subject have been provided by Williams-Ashman (3, 4, 5), and by the book Actions of Hormones on Molecular Processes, edited by Litwack & Kritchevsky (6). These studies have not yet revealed the precise manner in which steroids modulate protein synthesis.However, it is now abundantly clear that steroid hormones may affect directly the activities of a number of relatively well-defined enzymatic pro cesses in two quite distinct ways: (a) certain steroids can participate in a catalytic manner in hydrogen transport reactions-the chemistry and pos sible physiological significance of these reactions has been reviewed in detail (7,8,9) ; (b) steroids may affect the activities of a number of enzymes in an "allosteric" way (2,5,7,9) , in accordance with the very imaginative pro posal of Monod, Changeux & Jacob (10).It has not been possible to cover all aspects of the enzymology of steroid transformations. Especially to be regretted are omissions of the discussion of contributions to sterol biosynthesis and the discovery of inhibitors which ap pear specifically to interrupt certain stages in the formation of cholesterol 1 The survey of literature pertaining to this review was completed in Decembe r 1964. 2 Studies from the author's laboratory were supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health of the United States Public Health Service. 347 Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1965.34:347-380. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by McMaster University on 02/05/15. For personal use only. Quick links to online content Further ANNUAL REVIEWS

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“…The former was separated into ketonic and non-ketonic fractions by treatment with Girard's reagent T (Girard & Sandulesco, 1936). Oestrone and equilenin were separated by elution with benzene from a column of Celite impregnated with 0-4 N-NaOH solution (Heard, Jellinck & O'Donnell, 1955).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Steroids by the Equine Foetal Testis

MacARTHUR¹,

Short²,

O'Donnell³

1967

Journal of Endocrinology

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The testes were removed from a 9-month horse foetus and incubated with sodium [1-14C]acetate. After the addition of unlabelled steroids, the following radiochemically pure compounds were obtained: cholesterol, dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone, androst-4-ene-3,17-dione, 17\g=a\-hydroxyprogesterone and oestrone. There was no radioactivity associated with the carrier equilenin. The yield of labelled dehydroepiandrosterone greatly exceeded that of testosterone and androst-4-ene-3,17-dione.

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BIOGENESIS OF THE ESTROGENS: THE CONVERSION OF TESTOSTERONE-4-C¹⁴TO ESTRONE IN THE PREGNANT MARE¹

Cited by 59 publications

References 0 publications

19-HYDROXY-Δ⁴-ANDROSTENE-3,17-DIONE AN INTERMEDIATE IN ESTROGEN BIOSYNTHESIS¹

19-HYDROXY-Δ⁴-ANDROSTENE-3,17-DIONE AN INTERMEDIATE IN ESTROGEN BIOSYNTHESIS¹

Enzymatic Mechanisms in Steroid Biochemistry

Formation of Steroids by the Equine Foetal Testis

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BIOGENESIS OF THE ESTROGENS: THE CONVERSION OF TESTOSTERONE-4-C14TO ESTRONE IN THE PREGNANT MARE1

Cited by 59 publications

References 0 publications

19-HYDROXY-Δ4-ANDROSTENE-3,17-DIONE AN INTERMEDIATE IN ESTROGEN BIOSYNTHESIS1

19-HYDROXY-Δ4-ANDROSTENE-3,17-DIONE AN INTERMEDIATE IN ESTROGEN BIOSYNTHESIS1

Enzymatic Mechanisms in Steroid Biochemistry

Formation of Steroids by the Equine Foetal Testis

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Product

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BIOGENESIS OF THE ESTROGENS: THE CONVERSION OF TESTOSTERONE-4-C¹⁴TO ESTRONE IN THE PREGNANT MARE¹

19-HYDROXY-Δ⁴-ANDROSTENE-3,17-DIONE AN INTERMEDIATE IN ESTROGEN BIOSYNTHESIS¹

19-HYDROXY-Δ⁴-ANDROSTENE-3,17-DIONE AN INTERMEDIATE IN ESTROGEN BIOSYNTHESIS¹