Biogenic Ice Nuclei. Part II: Bacterial Sources

Vali, Gabor; Christensen, Martha; Fresh, R. W.; Galyan, Elizabeth L.; Maki, Leroy R.; Schnell, R. C.

doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1976)033<1565:binpib>2.0.co;2

Cited by 199 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…Likewise, previous work has demonstrated that few, if any, abiotic particles can nucleate ice at temperatures as high as those at which specific bacterial species can nucleate ice (Maki et al, 1974;Vali et al, 1976;Mohler et al, 2007). The relative concentration of high-temperature ice nuclei in each sample was calculated using the cumulative nucleus concentration calculation described in Vali (1971).…”

Section: Bioaerosol Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variability in airborne bacterial communities across land-use types and their relationship to the bacterial communities of potential source environments

et al. 2010

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Although bacteria are ubiquitous in the near-surface atmosphere and they can have important effects on human health, airborne bacteria have received relatively little attention and their spatial dynamics remain poorly understood. Owing to differences in meteorological conditions and the potential sources of airborne bacteria, we would expect the atmosphere over different land-use types to harbor distinct bacterial communities. To test this hypothesis, we sampled the near-surface atmosphere above three distinct land-use types (agricultural fields, suburban areas and forests) across northern Colorado, USA, sampling five sites per land-use type. Microbial abundances were stable across land-use types, with B10 5 -10 6 bacterial cells per m 3 of air, but the concentrations of biological ice nuclei, determined using a droplet freezing assay, were on average two and eight times higher in samples from agricultural areas than in the other two land-use types. Likewise, the composition of the airborne bacterial communities, assessed via bar-coded pyrosequencing, was significantly related to land-use type and these differences were likely driven by shifts in the sources of bacteria to the atmosphere across the land-uses, not local meteorological conditions. A metaanalysis of previously published data shows that atmospheric bacterial communities differ from those in potential source environments (leaf surfaces and soils), and we demonstrate that we may be able to use this information to determine the relative inputs of bacteria from these source environments to the atmosphere. This work furthers our understanding of bacterial diversity in the atmosphere, the terrestrial controls on this diversity and potential approaches for source tracking of airborne bacteria.

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Section: Bioaerosol Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variability in airborne bacterial communities across land-use types and their relationship to the bacterial communities of potential source environments

et al. 2010

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“…This statement is supported by field studies (DeMott et al, 2003b;Richardson et al, 2007;Klein et al, 2010) where high concentrations of mineral dust led to a significant increase in the ice crystal number concentration. Previous studies by Vali et al (1976); Schnell and Vali (1976); Möhler et al (2008) showed that bioaerosols and especially some specific bacteria like Pseudomonas Syringae initiate ice formation at warmer temperatures than mineral dust. Pratt et al (2009) found that one third of the ice particle residues in one cloud collected by a Counterflow Virtual Impactor (CVI) at high altitude over Wyoming contained biological markers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ice nuclei properties within a Saharan dust event at the Jungfraujoch in the Swiss Alps

et al. 2011

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Abstract.The new portable ice nucleation chamber (PINC) developed by the Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences of ETH Zurich was operated during two measurement campaigns at the high alpine research station Jungfraujoch situated at 3580 m a.s.l, in March and June 2009. During this time of the year, a high probability of Saharan dust events (SDE) at the Jungfraujoch has been observed. We used an impactor with a cutoff size of 1 µm aerodynamic diameter and operated the system at −31 • C and relative humidities of 127 % and 91 % with respect to ice and water, respectively. Investigation of the ambient number concentration of ice nuclei (IN) in the deposition nucleation mode and during a SDE in the free troposphere is reported. The results discussed in this paper are the first continuous IN measurements over a period of several days at the Jungfraujoch. The average IN concentration found during the campaign in March was 8 particles per liter whereas during the campaign in June, the average number concentration was higher up to 14 particles per liter. Two SDEs were detected on 15 and 16 June 2009. Our measurements show that the SDEs had IN number concentration up to several hundreds per liter. We found the best correlation between the number concentration of the larger particle fraction measured by an optical particle counter and the IN number concentration during a Saharan dust event. This correlation factor is higher for particles larger than 0.5 µm meaning that a higher concentration of larger particles induced higher IN number concentration. No correlation could be found between the black carbon mass concentration and the variations in IN number concentration.

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“…The capacity of biological material to catalyze ice formation was discovered about 50 years ago [14][15][16][17]. Since then, biological INPs have been shown to be widespread in the air, clouds and precipitation, from tropics to polar regions (e.g., [6,[18][19][20]), and over oceans [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Processing and Variability of Biological Ice Nucleating Particles in Precipitation at Opme, France

et al. 2017

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Atmospheric ice nucleating particles (INPs) contribute to initiate precipitation. In particular, biological INPs act at warmer temperatures than other types of particles (>−10 • C) therefore potentially defining precipitation distribution. Here, in order to identify potential environmental drivers in the distribution and fate of biological INPs in the atmosphere, we conducted a mid-term study of the freezing characteristics of precipitation. A total of 121 samples were collected during a period of >1.5 years at the rural site of Opme (680 m a.s.l. (above sea level), France). INP concentration ranged over two orders of magnitude at a given temperature depending on the sample; there were <1 INPs mL −1 at ≥−5 • C,~0.1 to 10 mL −1 between −5 • C and −8 • C, and~1 to 100 mL −1 at colder temperatures. The data support the existence of an intimate natural link between biological INPs and hydrological cycles. In addition, acidification was strongly correlated with a decrease of the freezing characteristics of the samples, suggesting that human activities impact the role of INPs as triggers of precipitation. Water isotope ratio measurements and statistical comparison with aerosol and cloud water data confirmed some extent of INP partitioning in the atmosphere, with the INPs active at the warmest temperatures tending to be more efficiently precipitated.

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Biogenic Ice Nuclei. Part II: Bacterial Sources

Cited by 199 publications

References 0 publications

Spatial variability in airborne bacterial communities across land-use types and their relationship to the bacterial communities of potential source environments

Spatial variability in airborne bacterial communities across land-use types and their relationship to the bacterial communities of potential source environments

Ice nuclei properties within a Saharan dust event at the Jungfraujoch in the Swiss Alps

Atmospheric Processing and Variability of Biological Ice Nucleating Particles in Precipitation at Opme, France

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