Biogenic nitric oxide emissions from cropland soils

Roelle, Paul A.; Aneja, Viney P.; Gay, Bruce W.; Geron, Chris; Pierce, T.E.

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(00)00279-x

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This is in line with results of others who found exponential relationships between soil NO fluxes and soil temperatures for agricultural (Williams et al, 1998;Roelle et al, 2001) as well as for forest soils (Van Dijk and Meixner, 2001;Schindlbacher et al, 2004). The strong temperature response of soil NO fluxes at our site may not only be due to the stimulation of nitrification as the assumed main process of NO production at our site , but may also be explained by increasing contributions of NO production by chemo-denitrification in the acidic organic layer (pH of forest floor ≤3.2) at increasing temperatures (Kesik et al, 2006).…”

Section: No and N 2 Osupporting

confidence: 92%

Decadal variability of soil CO2, NO, N2O, and CH4 fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Luo

Brüggemann²,

Wolf

et al. 2012

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Besides agricultural soils, temperate forest soils have been identified as significant sources of or sinks for important atmospheric trace gases (N 2 O, NO, CH 4 , and CO 2 ). Although the number of studies for this ecosystem type increased more than tenfold during the last decade, studies covering an entire year and spanning more than 1-2 years remained scarce. This study reports the results of continuous measurements of soil-atmosphere C-and N-gas exchange with high temporal resolution carried out since 1994 at the Höglwald Forest spruce site, an experimental field station in Southern Germany. Annual soil N 2 O, NO and CO 2 emissions and CH 4 uptake (1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010) varied in a range of 0.2-3.0 kg N 2 O-N ha −1 yr −1 , 6.4-11.4 kg NO-N ha −1 yr −1 , 7.0-9.2 t CO 2 -C ha −1 yr −1 , and 0.9-3.5 kg CH 4 -C ha −1 yr −1 , respectively. The observed high fluxes of N-trace gases are most likely a consequence of high rates of atmospheric nitrogen deposition (>20 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ) of NH 3 and NO x to our site. For N 2 O, cumulative annual emissions were ≥0.8 kg N 2 O-N ha −1 yr −1 in years with freeze-thaw events (5 out 14 of years). This shows that long-term, multi-year measurements are needed to obtain reliable estimates of N 2 O fluxes for a given ecosystem. Cumulative values of soil respiratory CO 2 fluxes tended to be highest in years with prolonged freezing periods, i.e. years with below average annual mean soil temperatures and high N 2 O emissions (e.g. the years 1996 and 2006).Furthermore, based on our unique database on trace gas fluxes we analyzed if soil temperature, soil moisture measurements can be used to approximate trace gas fluxes at daily, weekly, monthly, or annual scale. Our analysis shows that simple-to-measure environmental drivers such as soil temperature or soil moisture are suitable to approximate fluxes of NO and CO 2 at weekly and monthly resolution reasonably well (accounting for up to 59 % of the variance). However, for CH 4 we so far failed to find meaningful correlations, and also for N 2 O the predictive power is rather low. This is most likely due to the complexity of involved processes and counteracting effects of soil moisture and temperature, specifically with regard to N 2 O production and consumption by denitrification and microbial community dynamics. At monthly scale, including information on gross primary production (CO 2 , NO), and N deposition (N 2 O), increased significantly the explanatory power of the obtained empirical regressions (CO 2 : r 2 = 0.8; NO: r 2 = 0.67; N 2 O, all data: r 2 = 0.5; N 2 O, with exclusion of freeze-thaw periods: r 2 = 0.65).

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Section: No and N 2 Osupporting

confidence: 92%

Decadal variability of soil CO2, NO, N2O, and CH4 fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Luo

Brüggemann²,

Wolf

et al. 2012

Biogeosciences

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“…Fertilisation rate gives the amount of nitrogen input (natural and/or anthropogenic), in part responsible for the rate of gaseous emission at the surface (Sanhueza et al, 1990). Sand percentage is an important feature for emissions through its link with water diffusion (Roelle at al., 2001). pH conditions can influence NO emissions via chemical or biological processes (Serça et al, 1994).…”

Section: Artificial Neural Network Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogenic nitrogen oxide emissions from soils – impact on NOx and ozone over West Africa during AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Experiment): modelling study

et al. 2008

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Abstract. Nitrogen oxide biogenic emissions from soils are driven by soil and environmental parameters. The relationship between these parameters and NO fluxes is highly non linear. A new algorithm, based on a neural network calculation, is used to reproduce the NO biogenic emissions linked to precipitations in the Sahel on the 6 August 2006 during the AMMA campaign. This algorithm has been coupled in the surface scheme of a coupled chemistry dynamics model (MesoNH Chemistry) to estimate the impact of the NO emissions on NO x and O 3 formation in the lower troposphere for this particular episode. Four different simulations on the same domain and at the same period are compared: one with anthropogenic emissions only, one with soil NO emissions from a static inventory, at low time and space resolution, one with NO emissions from neural network, and one with NO from neural network plus lightning NO x . The influence of NO x from lightning is limited to the upper troposphere. The NO emission from soils calculated with neural network responds to changes in soil moisture giving enhanced emissions over the wetted soil, as observed by aircraft measurements after the passing of a convective system. The subsequent enhancement of NO x and ozone is limited to the lowest layers of the atmosphere in modelling, whereas measurements show higher concentrations above 1000 m. The neural network algorithm, applied in the Sahel region for one particular day of the wet season, allows an immediate response of fluxes to environmental parameters, unlike static emission inventories. Stewart et al. (2008) is a companion paper to this one which looks at NO x and ozone concentrations in the boundary layer as measured on a research aircraft, examinesCorrespondence to: C. Delon (claire.delon@aero.obs-mip.fr) how they vary with respect to the soil moisture, as indicated by surface temperature anomalies, and deduces NO x fluxes. In this current paper the model-derived results are compared to the observations and calculated fluxes presented by Stewart et al. (2008).

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“…A flow-through dynamic flux chamber (DFC) system was used to determine the ammonia (Blunden and Aneja, 2007;Roelle and Aneja, 2002;Roelle et al, 2001). An impeller stirrer was installed inside the chamber to ideally mix the air inside, i.e., the composition of any elemental volume within the chamber is to be mixed homogeneously (Roelle and Aneja, 2002).…”

Section: Measurement Of Ammoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 shows a schematic diagram of the DFC that was used. The chamber was cylindrical shaped (0.29 m ID×0.3 m internal height to yield 20 L volume) and made up of fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) with a Teflon lining to minimize the sorptive loss of ammonia onto its inner walls (Roelle et al, 2001). In order to initiate the flux measurement, the dynamic flux chamber (DFC) was placed to cover a small area from a specific cell (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H).…”

Section: Measurement Of Ammoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlation between Ammonia Emissions and Bedding Materials in a Cow House

Phan¹,

Jeon²,

Lee³

2010

ajae

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Because ammonia from livestock production may substantially contribute to environmental pollution, emissions from all possible sources (housing systems, manure storage, manure application, outside grazing) should be reduced. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different bedding materials on ammonia emissions in a cow house. By applying a combination of four treatment types: treatment 1-T 1 (sawdust (50%)+ +sawdust pellets (50%)), treatment 2-T 2 (sawdust (50%)+ +corn stalk pellets (50%)), treatment 3-T 3 (sawdust (100%)), and treatment 4-T 4 (sawdust (50%)+ +palm kernel meal pellets(50%)) as bedding materials in a cow house, the effects of such treatments on ammonia flux were assessed in approximately one month. The magnitude of ammonia emissions (mg m -2 min -1) varied in the following order: T 1 (2.226), T 4 (2.052), T 2 (1.845), and T 3 (1.712). The patterns of pH had a decreasing trend for all bedding treatments during the experiment, and there was no significant relationship with ammonia flux. The results reveal that the most important factor influencing ammonia emissions is the physical structure of the bedding types.

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Biogenic nitric oxide emissions from cropland soils

Cited by 31 publications

References 20 publications

Decadal variability of soil CO<sub>2</sub>, NO, N<sub>2</sub>O, and CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Decadal variability of soil CO<sub>2</sub>, NO, N<sub>2</sub>O, and CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Biogenic nitrogen oxide emissions from soils – impact on NO<sub>x</sub> and ozone over West Africa during AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Experiment): modelling study

The Correlation between Ammonia Emissions and Bedding Materials in a Cow House

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Biogenic nitric oxide emissions from cropland soils

Cited by 31 publications

References 20 publications

Decadal variability of soil CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, NO, N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, and CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Decadal variability of soil CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, NO, N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, and CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Biogenic nitrogen oxide emissions from soils – impact on NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; and ozone over West Africa during AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Experiment): modelling study

The Correlation between Ammonia Emissions and Bedding Materials in a Cow House

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Decadal variability of soil CO<sub>2</sub>, NO, N<sub>2</sub>O, and CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Decadal variability of soil CO<sub>2</sub>, NO, N<sub>2</sub>O, and CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Biogenic nitrogen oxide emissions from soils – impact on NO<sub>x</sub> and ozone over West Africa during AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Experiment): modelling study