Biogenic synthesis and thermo‐magnetic study of highly porous carbon nanotubes

Abstract

Nanomaterials synthesis using natural sources is the technology to up come with advanced materials through extracts of plant, microorganisms, poultry waste etc. In this study, the authors report the synthesis of porous carbon nanotubes using high-temperature decomposition technique facilitated by cobalt salt using chicken fats, a poultry waste as a precursor. Since chicken fats contain fatty acids which can decompose into short hydrocarbon chains and cobalt can act as the catalyst. The formation of carbon nanotubes was confirmed by Raman spectra, peaks at 1580 and 1350.46 cm −1 confirmed the graphite mode G-band and structural imperfections defect mode D-band, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy showed the formation of tube-like structures. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption studies showed the high-surface area of 418.1 m 2 g −1 with an estimated pore diameter of 8.1 nm. Thermogravimetry analysis-derivative thermogravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis showed the instant weight loss at 517°C attributed to the rapid combustion of nanotubes. A vibrating-sample magnetometer showed the paramagnetic nature of the so-formed carbon nanotubes formed.

DNA aptamer-functionalized PDA nanoparticles: from colloidal chemistry to biosensor applications

“…The emergence of a peak at 1640 cm ⁻1 in conjugated samples corresponds to the amide I band, which typically arises from C=O stretching vibrations in peptide bonds ( Delgado-López et al, 2012 ; Sadat and Joye, 2020 ). Additionally, the peak at approximately 1074 cm −1 corresponds to the P-O stretching vibration of phosphates in nucleotides ( Delgado-López et al, 2012 ; Li et al, 2016 ; Iconaru et al, 2022 ; Duan et al, 2023 ), while the peak at approximately 976 cm −1 is attributed to C-C/C-O stretching vibrations from the characteristic sugar-phosphate backbone found in DNA ( Tsuboi, 1970 ; Mello and Vidal, 2012 ; Ranu et al, 2019 ), supporting the successful conjugation of the aptamer on the surface of PDA NPs. The relative intensities of these peaks provide crucial insights into the compositional changes induced by aptamer conjugation.…”

“…Raman spectroscopy was performed to investigate the structure of the PDA NPs and PDA NP-aptamer conjugates. As shown in Figure 5 , two characteristic peaks were observed in the Raman spectra, corresponding to the D band at 1352 cm −1 and the G band at 1580 cm −1 ( Ranu et al, 2019 ). The D band is attributed to the sp2 carbon of a disordered, defect-rich, or amorphous carbon structure, while the G band corresponds to the sp2 carbon in the graphitic lattice.…”