Biogenic Synthesis of Ag Nanoparticles of 18.27 nm by Zanthozylum armatum and Determination of Biological Potentials

Abstract

Nanotechnology has become a dire need of the current era and the green synthesis of nanoparticles offers several advantages over other methods. Nanobiotechnology is an emerging field that contributes to many domains of human life, such as the formulation of nanoscale drug systems or nanomedicine for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Medicinal plants are the main sources of lead compounds, drug candidates and drugs. This work reports the green synthesis of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the aqueous bark extract of Zanthozylum armatum, which was confirmed by a UV absorption at 457 nm. XRD analysis revealed an average size of 18.27 nm and SEM showed the particles’ spherical shape, with few irregularly shaped particles due to the aggregation of the AgNPs. FT-IR revealed the critical functional groups of phytochemicals which acted as reducing and stabilizing agents. The bark extract showed rich flavonoids (333 mg RE/g) and phenolic contents (82 mg GAE/g), which were plausibly responsible for its high antioxidant potency (IC50 = 14.61 µg/mL). Extract-loaded AgNPs exhibited the highest but equal inhibition against E. coli and P. aeruginosa (Z.I. 11.0 mm), whereas methanolic bark extract inhibited to a lesser extent, but equally to both pathogens (Z.I. 6.0 mm). The aqueous bark extract inhibited P. aeruginosa (Z.I. 9.0 mm) and (Z.I. 6.0 mm) E. coli. These findings—especially the biosynthesis of spherical AgNPs of 18.27 nm—provide promise for further investigation and for the development of commercializable biomedical products.

Green synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles using stem extract of Zanthoxylum armatum

“…During the last few decades, studies on this species exhibited that it contains various useful bioactive compounds (Singh & Singh, 2011). AgNPs synthesized from the aqueous bark extract of Z. armatum exhibited inhibition against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Riaz et al, 2022). The superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 NPs) using aqueous leaf extract of Z. armatum show enhanced adsorption efficiency toward methylene blue (MB) from contaminated water (Ramesh et al, 2018).…”

Biogenic Synthesis of AgNPs Using Aqueous Bark Extract of Aesculus indica for Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Applications

“…Its famous constituent, aescin, is responsible for its toxic properties [12]. The worth of its various dietary and medicinal properties and uses is also evident by over 60 publications on this plant in 2020 alone [13]. Interestingly, leaves of Aesculus indica biosynthesize a higher quantity of quercetin, whereas its bark biosynthesizes its glycoside, rutin (and also astragalin; glycosidic apigenin).…”