Biogenic Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles on a Green Support as a Reusable Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of Nitroarene and Quinoline

Abstract

Direct attachment of gold nanoparticles to a green support without the use of an external reducing agent and using it for removing toxic pollutants from wastewater, i. e., reduction of nitroarene to amine, are described. A novel approach involving the reduction of gold by the jute plant (Corchorus genus) stem-based (JPS) support itself to form nanoparticles (AuNPs) to be used as a catalytic system ('dipcatalyst') and its catalytic activity for the hydrogenation of series of nitroarenes in aqueous media are presented. AuNPs/ JPS catalyst was characterized using SEM, UV-Vis, FTIR, TEM, XPS, and ICP-OES. Confined area elemental mapping exhibits uniform and homogeneous distribution of AuNPs on the support surface. TEM shows multi-faceted AuNPs in the range of 20-30 nm. The reactivity of AuNPs/JPS for the transfer hydrogenation of nitroarene as well as hydrogenation of quinoline under molecular H 2 pressure was evaluated. Sodium borohydride, when used as the hydrogen source, demonstrates a high catalytic efficiency in the transfer hydrogenation reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). Quinoline is quantitatively and chemoselectively hydrogenated to 1,2,3,4tetrahydroquinoline (py-THQ) using molecular hydrogen. Reusability studies show that AuNPs are stable on the support surface and their selectivity is not affected.

A Review of Supercapacitors: Materials Design, Modification, and Applications

“…Noble metal-based electrode materials have been extensively studied and found to be good electrode materials for SCs, as they can improve the specific capacitance, conductivity, chemical, and thermal stabilities of electrode materials [73]. These metals mostly consist of gold, silver, and the platinum group (i.e., platinum, palladium, osmium, ruthenium, iridium, and rhodium) [74][75][76][77][78]. Among these noble metals, platinum, palladium, gold, and silver are mostly engaged as electrode materials for SCs [79][80][81].…”

Preparation of Highly Stable and Electrochemically Active Three‐dimensional Interconnected Graphene Frameworks from Jute Sticks

“…Biomass‐derived carbon materials have found use in energy storage, [39,41,44–50] sensors, [51–58] catalysis, [59,60] adsorption, and separation [54,61] because of the favorable characteristics, such as large specific surface areas, greater porous volumes, hierarchical porous structure, high graphitic content, and high surface reactivity, of the derived carbon. Various biowastes, such as jute sticks, [39,41,51,52,55,58,62] tal palm, [63] Syzygium cumini leaves, [44] Albizia procera leaves, [45,64–66] and micro‐algae, [47] have been used as carbon precursors and converted into porous carbon material through pyrolysis and activation [55] . Graphene and its derivatives are novel materials that have not yet reached their technological peak.…”

Gold Nanomaterials and their Composites as Electrochemical Sensing Platforms for Nitrite Detection

“…Further, AuNPs have high surface area with effectiveness, facile electron transportation property, enhancement of active sites and excellent biocompatibility. Such properties epitomize their applicability in electrocatalysis and electroanalysis as a form of modifier for constructing sensors [19–21] …”