Biogenic synthesis of metal nanoparticles from actinomycetes: biomedical applications and cytotoxicity

Abstract

Biogenic synthesis of metal nanoparticles has been well proved by using bacteria, fungi, algae, actinomycetes, plants, etc. Among the different microorganisms used for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles, actinomycetes are less known. Although, there are reports, which have shown that actinomycetes are efficient candidates for the production of metal nanoparticles both intracellularly and extracellularly. The nanoparticles synthesized by the members of actinomycetes present good polydispersity and stability and possess significant biocidal activities against various pathogens. The present review focuses on biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles and their application in medicine. In addition, the toxicity of these biogenic metal nanoparticles to human beings and environment has also been discussed.

Green Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles via Natural Extracts: The Biogenic Nanoparticle Corona and Its Effects on Reactivity

“…Moreover, increased interest in developing novel greener and/or more sustainable synthetic strategies has emerged recently. Sustainable approaches now include the use of microwave radiation, 11,12 plant extracts/biomass, [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] bacterial templates, 20,21 and fungal systems [22][23][24] as reducing agents.…”

Silver and gold nanoparticles synthesized from Streptomyces sp. isolated from acid forest soil with special reference to its antibacterial activity against pathogens

“…Biological resources available in nature including plants, fungi, yeast, actinomycetes and bacteria can be employed for synthesis of NPs, including silver and gold nanoparticles, which exhibited different biological activity [3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Nanotoxicology of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

“…Biogenic synthesis is straightforward and environmentally friendly [3−5,12−14]. Metal oxide nanoparticles can be obtained from different organisms such as plant extract, fungi, bacteria, algae, and actinomycetes [132]. This work reports the recent development in the use of green methods to obtain different types of metal oxide nanoparticles that can be used in a wide range of applications.…”

“…These nanoparticles have been considered for diverse applications in biotechnology, catalysis, environmental bioremediation, optics, electronics, and cell energy and in the medical and pharmaceutic sciences (as a drug delivery system in the treatment and diagnosis of several diseases) [132,133]. The traditional chemical and physical methods used to synthesize metal oxide nanoparticles are expensive, time-and energyconsuming, tedious, toxic, and harmful to humans and the environment.…”