Biogeochemistry of the stable hydrogen isotopes

Estep, Marilyn F.; Hoering, Thomas C.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(80)90073-3

Cited by 197 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In general however, C-bound H as in the DMS-moiety of DMSP, are considered nonexchangeable (Epstein et al 1976). Although heterotrophic reprocessing of photosynthate in Lemna gibba did result in exchange of part of the C-bound H with water (Yakir and DeNiro 1990), this was not observed in algae (Estep and Hoering 1980;Estep 1981). Results from our 24-h experiment in the Sargasso Sea (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fractionation factors are known to be larger for D 2 O than for 13 C, as the relative difference in mass between D and H is much larger than between 13 C and 12 C. Photosynthesis is the primary process causing both C-and H-isotope fractionation in plant organic material (Estep and Hoering 1980;Estep 1981;Descolas-Gros and Fontugne 1990;Yakir and DeNiro 1990). C-isotope fractionation occurs mainly during carbon fixation in the Calvin Cycle.…”

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confidence: 99%

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In vivo DMSP‐biosynthesis measurements using stable‐isotope incorporation and proton‐transfer‐reaction mass spectrometry (PTR‐MS)

Stefels

Dacey

Elzenga

2009

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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Assessing turnover rates of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), precursor of the climate-active gas dimethylsulfide (DMS), under different environmental conditions is fundamental to accurately modeling the marine sulfur cycle. Current gas chromatographic methods only provide net results of all processes acting on the different sulfur pools and are unable to measure fluxes, leaving room for speculation on the controlling factors and magnitudes of turnover processes. Here we present a new method in which stable isotope additions (D 2 O or NaH 13 CO 3 ) are used to follow the in vivo production of DMSP. Incorporation of deuterium or 13 C into DMSP was monitored using a proton-reaction-transfer mass spectrometer (PTR-MS). A growth model was developed to calculate specific DMSP synthesis rates from the progress in mass ratio of labeled versus nonlabeled DMSP over time. Instead of measuring the amount of incorporated isotope, our method uses ratios of molecule masses. This approach has the advantage that the effect of the isotope addition on the change in mass ratio is amplified by the number of positions the label can occupy within the molecule. Application of the method was demonstrated in cultures of the ubiquitous DMSP producer Emiliania huxleyi and further developed for use in short-time incubation studies with water from the Sargasso Sea during July 2004. Very low specific synthesis rates between 0.05 and 0.2 d -1 could be measured. The method is the first to measure in vivo DMSP production rates. It is relatively easy to apply, highly sensitive, and may also be applicable to other biogenic compounds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

In vivo DMSP‐biosynthesis measurements using stable‐isotope incorporation and proton‐transfer‐reaction mass spectrometry (PTR‐MS)

Stefels

Dacey

Elzenga

2009

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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“…In addition, a minor portion (∼10-15%) of hydrogen atoms in proteins and AAs are known to be exchangeable (27), yet available data show that not all δ 2 H exchange rapidly in biological conditions (8,28). A deeper understanding of the cycling of water inside cell membranes (29), including mitochondria, and how this water is connected to external sources of water is needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Principal among these studies is the body of literature on δ 2 H fractionation during lipid synthesis (8)(9)(10). Fatty acids, hydrocarbons, and alkenones synthesized by plants, phytoplankton, and microbes are depleted in 2 H (i.e., have lower δ 2 H values) relative to bulk tissue.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hydrogen isotopes in individual amino acids reflect differentiated pools of hydrogen from food and water in Escherichia coli

Fogel

Griffin

Newsome

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Hydrogen isotope (δ 2 H) analysis is widely used in animal ecology to study continental-scale movement because δ 2 H can trace precipitation and climate. To understand the biochemical underpinnings of how hydrogen is incorporated into biomolecules, we measured the δ 2 H of individual amino acids (AAs) in Escherichia coli cultured in glucose-based or complex tryptone-based media in waters with δ 2 H values ranging from −55‰ to +1,070‰. The δ 2 H values of AAs in tryptone spanned a range of ∼250‰. In E. coli grown on glucose, the range of δ 2 H among AAs was nearly 200‰. The relative distributions of δ 2 H of AAs were upheld in cultures grown in enriched waters. In E. coli grown on tryptone, the δ 2 H of nonessential AAs varied linearly with the δ 2 H of media water, whereas δ 2 H of essential AAs was nearly identical to δ 2 H in diet. Model calculations determined that as much as 46% of hydrogen in some nonessential AAs originated from water, whereas no more than 12% of hydrogen in essential AAs originated from water. These findings demonstrate that δ 2 H can route directly at the molecular level. We conclude that the patterns and distributions in δ 2 H of AAs are determined through biosynthetic reactions, suggesting that δ 2 H could become a new biosignature for studying novel microbial pathways. Our results also show that δ 2 H of AAs in an organism's tissues provides a dual tracer for food and environmental (e.g., drinking) water.hydrogen isotopes | aminio acids | diet | Escherichia coli

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ABSTRACTIsotope effects, studied with precision isotope ratio mass (1). Additional fractionation of hydrogen isotopes occurs during biosynthesis.

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Stable Hydrogen Isotope Fractionations during Autotrophic and Mixotrophic Growth of Microalgae

Estep¹,

Hoering²

1981

Plant Physiol.

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Isotope effects, studied with precision isotope ratio mass (1). Additional fractionation of hydrogen isotopes occurs during biosynthesis. Fatty acids, hydrocarbons, sterols, and other lipids have much lower deuterium concentrations than the organically bonded hydrogen of the total organism (3, 7). This second fractionation step is believed to occur before or during the formation of acetyl-CoA (1).To understand further the biochemical reactions fractionating hydrogen isotopes in plants and to determine their inter-relationships, with the goal of detecting steps that regulate hydrogen metabolism, the growth conditions of the versatile alga, Chlorella, were first manipulated in the following ways: (a) by changing the wavelength of the light source for photosynthesis; (b) by transferring the algae from autotrophic to dark heterotrophic conditions, (c) by growing the algae photoheterotrophically, and (d) by adding the inhibitory compound DCMU. Second, the hydrogen isotopic contents of different classes of compounds, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids were determined. Third, the uptake of hydrogen from H20 into cellular organically bound hydrogen was studied by resuspending and growing algae in growth media H20 with a very slightly enriched deuterium content.

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Biogeochemistry of the stable hydrogen isotopes

Cited by 197 publications

References 9 publications

In vivo DMSP‐biosynthesis measurements using stable‐isotope incorporation and proton‐transfer‐reaction mass spectrometry (PTR‐MS)

In vivo DMSP‐biosynthesis measurements using stable‐isotope incorporation and proton‐transfer‐reaction mass spectrometry (PTR‐MS)

Hydrogen isotopes in individual amino acids reflect differentiated pools of hydrogen from food and water in Escherichia coli

Stable Hydrogen Isotope Fractionations during Autotrophic and Mixotrophic Growth of Microalgae

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