Biogeographic analysis of Jurassic–Early Cretaceous wood assemblages from Gondwana

Philippe, Marc; Bamford, Marion K.; McLoughlin, Stephen; Alves, Laureen Sally Da Rosa; Falcon-Lang, Howard J.; Gnaedinger, Silvia Cristina; Ottone, Eduardo G.; Pole, Mike; Rajanikanth, A.; Shoemaker, R. A.; Torres, Teresa; Zamuner, Alba Berta

doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2004.01.005

Cited by 94 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Lutz, 1930;Lemoigne, 1967;Ru-feng et al, 1996;Morgans et al, 1999;Falcon-Lang & Cantrill, 2001;Falcon-Lang, 2003;Philippe et al, 2004).…”

Section: Diagnosis Pycnoxylic Homoxylic Secondary Wood With Distinctunclassified

“…Esta especie también fue mencionada por Dolianiti (1948) para la misma localidad. No obstante, fue atribuida posteriormente al género Agathoxylon (Menéndez, 1969;Philippe et al, 2004). Kräusel (1949) describió la especie Cupressinoxylon hallei, sobre la base de restos hallados en la Patagonia argentina, aunque su edad puede ser tanto cretácica como "terciaria".…”

Section: Diagnosis Pycnoxylic Homoxylic Secondary Wood With Distinctunclassified

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Voltziales y Pinales (= Coniferales) de la Formación Cortaderita (Triásico Medio), Argentina, y su implicancia en la reconstrucción de las coníferas triásicas

Bodnar

Ruiz

Artabe

et al. 2015

Rev. bras. paleontol.

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-VOLTZIALES AND PINALES (= CONIFERALES) FROM CORTADERITA FORMATION (MIDDLE TRIASSIC), ARGENTINA, AND THEIR IMPLICATION IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF TRIASSIC CONIFERS.In this work, fossil wood, leaves, and branches designated to the subclass Pinidae (Voltziales and Pinales) are described from Cortaderita Formation (Middle Triassic). Fossil materials were collected at Cortaderita and La Tinta creeks, at Barreal area from Barreal-Calingasta basin, Pre-Andean region of San Juan, Argentina. Leaves corresponding to three species of Heidiphyllum (order Voltziales), leafy twigs assigned to Elatocladus planus (Pinales) and permineralized trunks and branches ascribed to Cupressinoxylon zamunerae sp. nov. (Pinales), were recognized. The last two species exhibit characters that allow designating them to family Cupressaceae sensu lato. At the same time, it is demonstrated that they belong to the same plant, which is named as the new species of Cupressinoxylon here described. This reconstruction is based on kindred reinforcement and mutual occurrence criteria, besides morphological and anatomical characters. Thus, Cupressinoxylon zamunerae sp. nov. is interpreted as a tree 13 m tall, highly branched, with penultimate order shoots with scale-like leaves and last order shoots with alternate, sessile, single-veined, linear to acicular leaves distributed helically. These records confi rm the presence of Cupressaceae sensu lato since the Triassic in Gondwana.Key words: Barreal-Calingasta, Sorocayense Group, Voltziaceae, Cupressaceae sensu lato.RESUMO -Neste trabalho são descritos lenhos, folhas e ramos para a subclasse Pinidae (Voltziales e Pinales) da Formação Cortaderita (Triássico Médio). Os materiais foram encontrados nas quebradas La Cortaderita e La Tinta, na área de Barreal, bacia de Barreal-Calingasta, precordillera de San Juan, Argentina. Foram reconhecidas folhas correspondentes a três espécies do gênero Heidiphyllum (Voltziales), ramos folhosos atribuídos a Elatocladus planus (Pinales) e lenhos permineralizados designados como Cupressinoxylon zamunerae sp. nov. (Pinales). As duas últimas espécies têm características que permitem atribuí-los para a família Cupressaceae sensu lato. Por isso, neste estudo mostra-se que correspondem a mesma entidade biológica. Assim é descrito com o nome da nova espécie de Cupressinoxylon. Esta reconstrução é baseada em critérios de reforço mútuo e de ocorrência afi ns, além de características morfológicas e anatômicas. Desta forma, Cupressinoxylon zamunerae sp. nov. é interpretada como uma árvore de aproximadamente 13 m de altura, muito ramifi cada, com ramos da penúltima ordem com folhas escamiformes, e ramos de última ordem alternados, com folhas sésseis, uninerveadas, lineares a aciculares distribuídas helicoidalmente. Esses registros confi rmam a presença de Cupressaceae sensu lato, desde o Triássico no Gondwana desde o Triássico. Palavras-chave:Barreal-Calingasta, Grupo Sorocayense, Voltziaceae, Cupressaceae sensu lato.

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“…Lutz, 1930;Lemoigne, 1967;Ru-feng et al, 1996;Morgans et al, 1999;Falcon-Lang & Cantrill, 2001;Falcon-Lang, 2003;Philippe et al, 2004).…”

Section: Diagnosis Pycnoxylic Homoxylic Secondary Wood With Distinctunclassified

Voltziales y Pinales (= Coniferales) de la Formación Cortaderita (Triásico Medio), Argentina, y su implicancia en la reconstrucción de las coníferas triásicas

Bodnar

Ruiz

Artabe

et al. 2015

Rev. bras. paleontol.

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“…in northern Gondwana was already mentioned by Pons (1988) and Philippe et al (2004). The absence or very weak growth rings in these woods from the Jurassic of Anoual indicates a continuous cambium activity under stable climatic conditions.…”

Section: Conclusion On the Flora From The Anoual Fmmentioning

confidence: 51%

Guelb el Ahmar (Bathonian, Anoual Syncline, eastern Morocco): First continental flora and fauna including mammals from the Middle Jurassic of Africa

et al. 2016

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We report the discovery in Mesozoic continental "red beds" of Anoual Syncline, Morocco, of the new Guelb el Ahmar (GEA) fossiliferous sites in the Bathonian Anoual Formation. They produced one of the richest continental biotic assemblages from the Jurassic of Gondwana, including plants, invertebrates and vertebrates. Both the sedimentological facies and the biotic assemblage indicate a lacustrine depositional environment. The flora is represented by tree trunks (three families), pollen (13 species, five major clades) and charophytes. It suggests local forests and humid (non-arid) conditions. The vertebrate fauna is dominated by microvertebrates recovered by screening-washing. It is rich and diverse, with at least 29 species of all major groups (osteichthyans, lissamphibians, chelonians, diapsids, mammals), except chondrichthyans. It includes the first mammals discovered in the Middle Jurassic of Arabo-Africa. The GEA sites yielded some of the earliest known representatives of osteoglossiform fishes, albanerpetontid and caudate amphibians, squamates (scincomorphans, anguimorphan), cladotherian mammals, and likely choristoderes. The choristoderes, if confirmed, are the first found in Gondwana, the albanerpetontid and caudatan amphibians are among the very few known in Gondwana, and the anguimorph lizard is the first known from the Mesozoic of Gondwana. Mammals (Amphitheriida, cf. Dryolestida) remain poorly known, but are the earliest cladotherians known in Gondwana. The GEA biotic assemblage is characterized by the presence of Pangean and Laurasian (especially European) taxa, and quasi absence of Gondwanan taxa. The paleobiogeographical analysis suggests either a major fossil bias in Gondwana during the Middle Jurassic, and an overall vicariant Pangean context for the GEA assemblage, or alternatively, noticeable Laurasian (European) affinities and North-South dispersals. The close resemblance between the Bathonian faunas of GEA and Britain is remarkable, even in a Pangean context. The similarity between the local Anoual Syncline Guelb el Ahmar and Ksar Metlili faunas raises questions on the ?Berriasian age of the latter.

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“…Philippe et al (2004), in a survey of Mesozoic woods from the Southern Hemisphere, identified Protophyllocladoxylon only from assemblages interpreted to represent the summer-wet palaeoclimatic belt. However, it is unclear whether this holds true for the distribution of Northern Hemisphere records or if wood of this fossil genus even represents the same gymnosperm family across its extensive geographical range.…”

Section: Comparison Of Wood Growth With Other Assemblagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disrupted vegetation as a response to Jurassic volcanism in southern Sweden

Vajda

Linderson

McLoughlin

2016

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Central Skåne (Scania) in southern Sweden hosts evidence of extensive Jurassic volcanism in the form of mafic volcanic plugs and associated volcaniclastic deposits that entomb wellpreserved macro-plant and spore-pollen assemblages. Palynological assemblages recovered from the Höör Sandstone are of Hettangian-Pliensbachian age and those from the overlying lahar deposits are dated as Pliensbachian-early Toarcian (?). Palynomorph assemblages from these units reveal significantly different ecosystems, particularly with respect to the gymnospermous components that represented the main canopy plants. Both palynofloras are dominated by osmundacean, marattiacean and cyatheacean fern spore taxa but, whereas the Höör Sandstone hosts abundant Chasmatosporites spp. pollen produced by plants related to cycadophytes, the volcanogenic deposits are dominated by cypress family pollen (Perinopollenites) with an understorey component rich in putative Erdtmanithecales (or possibly Gnetales), and collectively representing vegetation of disturbed habitats. Permineralized conifer wood attributed to Protophyllocladoxylon sp., belonging to plants that probably produced the abundant Perinopollenites grains, is abundant in the volcanigenic strata, and shows sporadic intraseasonal and multi-year episodes of growth disruption. Together with the relatively narrow but marked annual growth rings, and the annual and mean sensitivity values that span the complacent-sensitive domains, these features suggest growth within Mediterranean-type biomes subject to episodic disturbance.Gold Open Access: This article is published under the terms of the CC-BY 3.0 license.

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Biogeographic analysis of Jurassic–Early Cretaceous wood assemblages from Gondwana

Cited by 94 publications

References 17 publications

Voltziales y Pinales (= Coniferales) de la Formación Cortaderita (Triásico Medio), Argentina, y su implicancia en la reconstrucción de las coníferas triásicas

Voltziales y Pinales (= Coniferales) de la Formación Cortaderita (Triásico Medio), Argentina, y su implicancia en la reconstrucción de las coníferas triásicas

Guelb el Ahmar (Bathonian, Anoual Syncline, eastern Morocco): First continental flora and fauna including mammals from the Middle Jurassic of Africa

Disrupted vegetation as a response to Jurassic volcanism in southern Sweden

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