Biogeographische untersuchungen über die lebensgemeinschaft des treibenden golfkrautes

Timmermann, Günter

doi:10.1007/bf00446711

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…The results of Timmermann (1932) showed similar differences in the abundance of Membranipora and Clytia between the stations north and south of the thermal front. Despite the different sampling months, the findings of Timmermann (1932) and the present study are remarkably similar ( Table 2). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…(Rhodophyta) in order to ascertain possible differences in the density of the epibionts of Sargassum natans (I) with respect to parts of the thallus and geographical regions. In contrast to the Sarffassum material collected by Hentschel (1922) and Timmermann (1932), which was in part very sparse and obtained during different seasons of several years, the material presented here is more homogenous, since it was collected at a comparatively great number of stations and during a shorter period of sampling.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…Many authors have reported on the temporal and geographical variation of the mobile fauna (Timmermann, 1932;Fine, 1970;Butler et al, 1983;Stoner & Greening, 1984) but regarding the sessile fauna and flora mainly qualitative descriptions are available (Hentschel, 1922;Prat, 1935;Burkenroad, 1939;Weis, 1968;Morris & Mogelberg, 1973;Woelkerling, 1975;Butler et al, 1983). Quantitative analyses have been carried out in relation to settlement and succession of epibionts by Conover & Sieburth (1964) and Ryland (1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantitative analyses have been carried out in relation to settlement and succession of epibionts by Conover & Sieburth (1964) and Ryland (1974). Semiquantitative examinations of geographical distribution were carried out by Timmermann (1932). This paper examines whether the biogeographical differences north and south of the north aquatoriat subtropical convergence confirmed by many authors are reflected by some epibionts of Sargassum natans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution ofSargassum natans and some of its epibionts in the Sargasso Sea

Niermann

1986

Helgolander Meeresunters

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Sargassum was collected during the Sargasso Sea Eel Expedition in Spring 1979. On average, the morphological form type Sargassum natans (I) made up 85 % of the total wet weight of the samples. South of the thermal front, larger amounts of weeds were observed. Here, the bladder size of S. natans (I) was significantly smaller (surface 47 + 7 mm 2) than in the northern part (surface: 64 + 15 ram2), while phylloids showed no differences. The composition and density of some epibionts were examined. Membranipora tuberculata (Bryozoa), Clytia noliformis (Hydrozoa) and the calcarious algae "Melobesia sp." (Rhodophyta) were studied quantitatively according to different features at 17 stations. M. tuberculata was the most abundant epibiont followed by C. noliformis. Compared with these species, "'Melobesia sp." occurred in considerably lower quantities. M. tuberculata showed a preference for bladders rather than phylloids; C. noliformis was found more frequently on phylloids than on bladders. "Melobesia sp." did not show any preference.Frequency and abundance of these epibionts were higher north of the thermal front than south of this front. North of the front S. natans (I) was less abundant but bladders were larger.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution ofSargassum natans and some of its epibionts in the Sargasso Sea

Niermann

1986

Helgolander Meeresunters

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“…Northwest Atlantic, Sargasso Sea, Great Barrier Reef, Brazil Current, Sagami Bay, Japan, North Pacific R M, O Hentschel 1922, Timmermann 1932, Adams 1960, Hirosaki 1964, Fine 1970, Sinitsyn & Reznichenko 1981, Butler et al 1983, Coston-Clements et al 1991, DeVantier 1992 Hentschel 1922, Timmermann 1932, Adams 1960, Hirosaki 1964, Fine 1970, Horn et al 1970, Butler 1975, Sinitsyn & Reznichenko 1981, Butler et al 1983, Coston-Clements et al 1991, Il'in 1992, Minchin 1996, Winston et al 1997 reproductive habitat (Ingólfsson & Ólafsson 1997). Females of the large pelagic species Parathalestris croni deposit their offspring (non-swimming nauplii) in floating macroalgae that serve as a nest for this species (Ingólfsson & Ólafsson 1997).…”

Section: Lepas Anseriferamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ecology of Rafting in the Marine Environment. Ii. the Rafting Organisms and Community

Thiel¹,

Gutow²

2005

Oceanography and Marine Biology - An Annual Review

351

394

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Rafting of marine and terrestrial organisms has been reported from a variety of substrata and from all major oceans of the world. Herein we present information on common rafting organisms and on ecological interactions during rafting voyages. An extensive literature review revealed a total of 1205 species, for which rafting was confirmed or inferred based on distributional or genetic evidence. Rafting organisms comprised cyanobacteria, algae, protists, invertebrates from most marine but also terrestrial phyla, and even a few terrestrial vertebrates. Marine hydrozoans, bryozoans, crustaceans and gastropods were the most common taxa that had been observed rafting. All major feeding types were represented among rafters, being dominated by grazing/boring and suspension-feeding organisms, which occurred on all floating substrata. Besides these principal trophic groups, predators/scavengers and detritus feeders were also reported. Motility of rafting organisms was highest on macroalgae and lowest on abiotic substrata such as plastics and volcanic pumice. Important trends were revealed for the reproductive biology of rafting organisms. A high proportion of clonal organisms (Cnidaria and Bryozoa) featured asexual reproduction, often in combination with sexual reproduction. Almost all rafting organisms have internal fertilisation, which may be due to the fact that gamete concentrations in the rafting environment are too low for successful fertilisation of external fertilisers. Following fertilisation, many rafting organisms incubate their offspring in/on their body or deposit embryos in egg masses on rafts. Local recruitment, where offspring settle in the immediate vicinity of parents, is considered an important advantage for establishing persistent local populations on a raft, or in new habitats. Some organisms are obligate rafters, spending their entire life cycle on a raft, but the large majority of reported rafters are considered facultative rafters. These organisms typically live in benthic (or terrestrial) habitats, but may become dispersed while being confined to a floating item. Substratum characteristics (complexity, surface, size) have important effects on the composition of the rafting community. While at sea, ecological interactions (facilitation, competition, predation) contribute to the community succession on rafts. Organisms capable to compete for and exploit resources on a raft (space and food) will be able to persist throughout community succession. The duration of rafting voyages is closely related to rafting distances, which may cover various geographical scales. In chronological order, three features of an organism gain in importance during rafting, these being ability to (1) hold onto floating items, (2) establish and compete successfully and (3) develop persistent local MARTIN THIEL & LARS GUTOW 280 populations during a long voyage. Small organisms that do not feed on their floating substratum and, with asexual reproduction or direct development, combine all these features appear to be mos...

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Faunal variation on pelagic Sargassum

Fine

1970

Marine Biology

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Biogeographische untersuchungen über die lebensgemeinschaft des treibenden golfkrautes

Cited by 14 publications

References 1 publication

Distribution ofSargassum natans and some of its epibionts in the Sargasso Sea

Distribution ofSargassum natans and some of its epibionts in the Sargasso Sea

The Ecology of Rafting in the Marine Environment. Ii. the Rafting Organisms and Community

Faunal variation on pelagic Sargassum

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