“…However, from the literature, it can be concluded that, these techniques could not solve the complex objective functions which are not differentiable, mostly with complicated constraints. To solve these, many evolutionary algorithms have been proposed and implemented in the field of power system to solve different OPF problems, such as genetic algorithm (GA) [8][9][10], particle swarm optimization (PSO) [11][12][13], artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm [14][15], harmony search algorithm (HSA) [16][17]26], differential evolution (DE) [18][19], biogeography based optimization (BBO) [20][21][22][23], bacterial swarm algorithm (BSA) [24], modified shuffle frog leaping algorithm (MSLFA) [25], gravitational search algorithm (GSA) [27][28] etc. ABC method was employed by Adaryani et al [14] to solve the OPF problem considering both equality and inequality constraints in an electric power system.…”