Biogeography of curimatid fishes reveals multiple lowland–upland river transitions and differential diversification in the Neotropics (Teleostei, Curimatidae)

Abstract

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Biogeographic reconstruction of the migratory Neotropical fish family Prochilodontidae (Teleostei: Characiformes)

“…The localization of this diversification in the POA basin reinforces that region as a biodiversity hotspot cradling the origin of the exceptional richness of Neotropical fishes. Many other biogeography studies have recovered similar patterns (Cardoso et al, 2021;Fontenelle et al, 2021;Machado et al, 2018;Melo, Albert, et al, 2021;Ramirez et al, 2020;Silva et al, 2016;Tagliacollo et al, 2015), indicating clearly that many family-or subfamily-level assemblages of Neotropical freshwater fishes trace their origins to Eocene or Oligocene Amazonia. The designation of the POA as a diversity hotspot for Amazonian fauna is further corroborated by the fossil record indicating that modern taxa were already present at that time (López-Fernández & Albert, 2011;Lundberg et al, 1998).…”

“…More recently, strong geologic activity promoted biotic turnovers between upland basins of the Brazilian Shield, such as the Tapajós, Tocantins‐Araguaia, Xingu, Paraná, São Francisco and coastal Atlantic rivers (De Podestà Uchôa de Aquino & Rinaldi Colli, 2017; Lima & Ribeiro, 2011; Machado et al, 2017; Ribeiro, 2006; Santos et al, 2021). Studies linking distribution, geologic and phylogenetic data have consistently supported these landscape changes as promoters of freshwater fish diversification (Table 1) (Albert et al, 2011, 2018; Fontenelle et al, 2021; Hoorn et al, 2010; Machado et al, 2017; Melo, Albert, et al, 2021; Roxo et al, 2014; Vari, 1988).…”

“…A Amazon-Paraguay river captures: Carvalho and Albert (2011), Garzione et al (2008), Lundberg et al (1998), Sempere et al (1990) Rinaldi Colli, 2017;Lima & Ribeiro, 2011;Machado et al, 2017;Ribeiro, 2006;Santos et al, 2021). Studies linking distribution, geologic and phylogenetic data have consistently supported these landscape changes as promoters of freshwater fish diversification (Table 1) (Albert et al, , 2018Fontenelle et al, 2021;Machado et al, 2017;Melo, Albert, et al, 2021;Roxo et al, 2014;Vari, 1988). Despite the powerful effect of these biogeographic events in shaping the history of the South American ichthyofauna, it can be difficult to reconstruct their impacts on diversification in specific clades.…”

Evolution and biogeography of Anablepsoides killifishes shaped by Neotropical geological events (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheilidae)

“…bahianus, A. vieirai, A. xinguensis, A. sp and A. urophthalmus (Figure 2). This biogeographical pattern was also recovered for two independent lineages of the freshwater fish family Curimatidae (Melo et al, 2021). A recent time-calibrated biogeographical analysis of this characiform group has recovered that species of Steindachnerina Fowler, 1906 and Psectrogaster Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 inhabiting river basins of northeastern Brazil are phylogenetically related to lineages found in Amazon, Orinoco and coastal Guiana Shield river basins, and the divergence between those lineages, in both genera, were recovered as occurring in the Late Miocene (Melo et al, 2021).…”

“…Despite the recent progress in research focussing on the biogeography of Neotropical species, there is still little information on most of the Neotropical ichthyofauna lineages (e.g. Amorim & Costa, 2018, 2019; Bloom & Lovejoy, 2017; Costa et al, 2017; Friedman et al, 2013; Melo et al, 2021; Thompson et al, 2014). Therefore, understanding the biogeography of these groups may also contribute to increase the knowledge of the continental geological evolution.…”