Biogeography of shell morphology in over‐exploited shellfish reveals adaptive trade‐offs on human‐inhabited islands and incipient selectively driven lineage bifurcation

Hamilton, Ashley M.; Selwyn, Jason D.; Hamner, Rebecca M.; Johnson, Hokuala K.; Brown, Tia; Springer, Shauna K.; Bird, Christopher E.

doi:10.1111/jbi.13845

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…More research is also needed to help interpret the utility of heatmaps for understanding ecological questions related to limpet shell morphology (Bird, 2011;Hamilton et al, 2020). With more robust training datasets per species from multiple populations, age/ size ranges, and habitat types, we may be able use heatmaps to help decipher if and how shell morphology varies intra-specifically over local to regional scales.…”

Section: Future Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using computer vision to identify limpets from their shells: a case study using four species from the Baja California peninsula

et al. 2023

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The shell morphology of limpets can be cryptic and highly variable, within and between species. Therefore, the visual identification of species can be troublesome even for experts. Here, we demonstrate the capability of computer vision models as a new method to assist with identifications. We investigate the ability of computers to distinguish between four species and two genera of limpets from the Baja California peninsula (Mexico) from digital images of shells from both dorsal and ventral orientations. Overall, the models performed marginally better (97.9%) than experts (97.5%) when predicting the same set of images and did so 240x faster. Moreover, we utilised a heatmap system to both verify that models are focussing on the specimens and to view which features on the specimens the models used to distinguish between species and genera. We then enlisted the expertise of limpet ecologists specialised in identification of species from the Baja peninsula to comment on whether the heatmaps are indeed focusing on specific morphological features per species/genus. They confirm that in their opinion, the majority of the heatmaps appear to be highlighting areas and features of morphological importance for distinguishing between groups. Our findings reveal that the cutting-edge technology of computer vision holds tremendous potential in enhancing species identification techniques used by taxonomists and ecologists. Not only does it provide a complementary approach to traditional methods, but it also opens new avenues for exploring the biology and ecology of limpets in greater detail.

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Section: Future Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using computer vision to identify limpets from their shells: a case study using four species from the Baja California peninsula

et al. 2023

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“…In our study, PC-P0 resulted non-parallel compared with most sample sites in dorsal view, whilst the same happened with MI in lateral shell view. Hamilton et al (2020) demonstrated that two stressors act as different selective forces moulding the shell of Cellana exarata (Nacellidae). They found phenotypes associated with thermal avoidance in islands without human harvesting, while the prevalence of maladaptive morphotypes for thermal avoidance on islands with high predation pressure suggests that predation is a stronger selective force, driving adaptive trade-offs in shell shape and colour.…”

Section: Potential Forces Driving or Restraining Phenotypic Paralleli...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it has been argued that parallel phenotypic divergence could be also enhanced or reduced by plasticity (Oke et al, 2016). In consequence, the natural replication of phenotypic divergence across populations provides the opportunity for studying underlying processes of phenotypic evolution and for understanding the roles of natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow and plasticity on the origin of parallel phenotypic divergence (e.g., Westram et al, 2014;Ravinet et al, 2016;Hamilton et al, 2020;Jacobs et al, 2020;Westram et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel shape divergence between ecotypes of the limpet Nacella concinna along the Antarctic Peninsula: a new model species for parallel evolution?

Aranzamendi

Martínez

Held

et al. 2022

Zoology

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Parallel phenotypic divergence is the independent differentiation between phenotypes of the same lineage or species occupying ecologically similar environments in different populations. We tested in the Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna the extent of parallel morphological divergence in littoral and sublittoral ecotypes throughout its distribution range. These ecotypes differ in morphological, behavioural and physiological characteristics. We studied the lateral and dorsal outlines of shells and the genetic variation of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I from both ecotypes in 17 sample sites along more than 2,000 km. The genetic data indicate that both ecotypes belong to a single evolutionary lineage. The magnitude and direction of phenotypic variation differ between ecotypes across sample sites; completely parallel ecotype-pairs (i.e., they diverge in the same magnitude and in the same direction) were detected in 84.85% of lateral and 65.15% in dorsal view comparisons. Besides, specific traits (relative shell height, position of shell apex, and elliptical/pear-shape outline variation) showed high parallelism. We observed weak morphological covariation between the two shape shell views, indicating that distinct evolutionary forces and environmental pressures could be acting on this limpet shell shape. Our results demonstrate there is a strong parallel morphological divergence pattern in N. concinna along its distribution, making this Antarctic species a suitable model for the study of different evolutionary forces shaping the shell evolution of this limpet.

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“…These attributes have been extensively utilized in ecological and evolutionary research. In the context of bivalves, shell morphology has a notable diversity and complexity, which has been identified as a consequence of adaptive evolutionary processes (Lande and Arnold, 1983;Belonsky and Kennedy, 1988;Hamilton et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shell shape polymorphism analysis of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum across different geographical populations in China

Huo,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Morphology of bivalves, a kind of quantitative character, is closely connected with the ecological and physiological behaviors of bivalves, including growth, survival, metabolism and reproduction. In this study, a multivariate statistical method was used to analyze seven indices for shell shape evaluation of Ruditaps philippinarum (R. philippinarum). Polymorphism of R. philippinarum shell shape across seven geographical populations from the southern and northern regions of China was revealed, and decisive effect of shell shape in determining the trait of weight was discussed. In total, three types of R. philippinarum shell shape were observed: globular, flat, and lateral-view round. The Laizhou (LZ) population from the north of China displayed an approximately globular shell shape, with a shell-width-to-shell-length ratio of 0.5496 and an ellipse index ventral view (EIV) value of 0.9543. The Lianjiang (LJ) population from the south of China displayed a flat shell shape, with a shell-width-to-shell-length ratio of 0.4044, an ellipse index lateral view (EIL) value of 1.2518, and an EIV value of 0.7063. The Zhangzidao (ZZD) population from the north of China displayed a lateral view round shell shape, with a shell-width-to-shell-length ratio of 0.7476 and a circle index lateral view (CIL) value of 0.7195. According to the results of principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis and cluster analysis on shell shape parameters, LJ population and LZ population could be grouped separately. However, despite the long geographical distance, Rongcheng (RC) population was highly similar with ZZD population in terms of shell shape traits, implying that these two populations might be more closely related. Lowest degree of divergence in shell shape was observed in Beihai (BH) population and Yingkou (YK) population, both of which belonged to Zuidong (ZD) population. Weight of globular Manila clams was significantly higher than that of flat clams (P < 0.05). This study not only lays a foundation for conservation of R. philippinarum germplasm resources, but also highlights the importance of considering shell morphology in the breeding and culture of R. philippinarum.

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Biogeography of shell morphology in over‐exploited shellfish reveals adaptive trade‐offs on human‐inhabited islands and incipient selectively driven lineage bifurcation

Abstract: This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as

Cited by 6 publications

References 99 publications

Using computer vision to identify limpets from their shells: a case study using four species from the Baja California peninsula

Using computer vision to identify limpets from their shells: a case study using four species from the Baja California peninsula

Parallel shape divergence between ecotypes of the limpet Nacella concinna along the Antarctic Peninsula: a new model species for parallel evolution?

Shell shape polymorphism analysis of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum across different geographical populations in China

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