Biohybrid Circuits: Nanotransducers Linking Cells and Neural Electrodes

Chen, Linfeng; Xie, Jining; Yoon, Hargsoon; Srivatsan, Malathi; Harbaugh, Robert E.; Varadan, Vijay K.

doi:10.1002/9783527639366.ch6

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In this section, we discuss transduction and detection mechanisms of diverse bioelectronic systems integrated with 2D materials, including FETs, [32,36,49,51,[81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90] optical/electrical detection using nanopores, [25,[91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103] electrodes [4,5,9,104,105] and electrode arrays, [10-12, 14, 16-18, 106, 107] optical resonators, [19][20][21][22][23] and multifunctional sensor arrays. [73,75] A bioelectronic sensing device is attained by integrating biological recognition probes (e.g., protein-enzymes, antigen/antibodies, DNA, neurons, and cells) with electronic sensing elements.…”

Section: Detection/sensing Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past decade, bioelectronics, where electronics are interfaced with biology and biotechnology, [1] have been a vibrant field of research through rapid developments in both fields of electronics and biomedical engineering. Bioelectronics integrates biological materials like proteins, antibodies, DNA, and cells with electronic elements such as field-effect transistors (FETs), [2,3] electrodes [4][5][6][7][8][9] and electrode arrays, [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and optical resonators [19][20][21][22][23] to realize functional biosensing devices (Fig. 1a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioelectronics with two-dimensional materials

Kang

Wang

Nam

2016

Microelectronic Engineering

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In this article, we review the emerging field of bioelectronics with two-dimensional (2D) materials. Recently, 2D materials including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and other elementary 2D crystals, have emerged as functional materials in bioelectronic applications benefitting from their superior electrical, optical, and mechanical properties compared to conventional bulk semiconductor and metallic materials. The 2D dimensional materials have advanced bioelectronics by allowing easy integration due to their atomic thinness, biocompatibility, mechanical flexibility and conformity. Electronics with 2D materials have thus far enabled various applications in chemical, biochemical and neurobiological sensing. Here we review bioelectronics with a variety of 2D materials including graphene, a popular material in the recent decade, as well as other emerging 2D materials such as TMDs including MoS 2 , MoSe 2 , WSe 2 , and WS 2 . First, we discuss the unique properties of 2D materials which make them suitable for bioelectronic applications. Next we highlight transduction and detection mechanisms of 2D material-based bioelectronic systems, which include field-effect transistors, nanopores, multi-electrode arrays, and optical resonators. Lastly, we highlight current ongoing efforts to enable 2D materials to be even more effective in performance and sensitivity for biointerfacing.

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Section: Detection/sensing Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioelectronics with two-dimensional materials

Kang

Wang

Nam

2016

Microelectronic Engineering

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A Comprehensive Overview of the Current Status and Advancements in Various Treatment Strategies against Epilepsy

Waris,

Siraj,

Khan

et al. 2024

ACS Pharmacol. Transl. Sci.

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Epilepsy affects more than 70 million individuals of all ages worldwide and remains one of the most severe chronic noncommunicable neurological diseases globally. Several neurotransmitters, membrane protein channels, receptors, enzymes, and, more recently noted, various pathways, such as inflammatory and mTORC complexes, play significant roles in the initiation and propagation of seizures. Over the past two decades, significant developments have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy. Various pharmacological drugs with diverse mechanisms of action and other treatment options have been developed to control seizures and treat epilepsy. These options include surgical treatment, nanomedicine, gene therapy, natural products, nervous stimulation, a ketogenic diet, gut microbiota, etc., which are in various developmental stages. Despite a plethora of drugs and other treatment options, one-third of affected individuals are resistant to current medications, while the majority of approved drugs have severe side effects, and significant changes can occur, such as pharmacoresistance, effects on cognition, long-term problems, drug interactions, risks of poor adherence, specific effects for certain medications, and psychological complications. Therefore, the development of new drugs and other treatment options that have no or minimal adverse effects is needed to combat this deadly disease. In this Review, we comprehensively summarize and explain all of the treatment options that have been approved or are in developmental stages for epilepsy as well as their status in clinical trials and advancements.

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