Biohydrogenation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids by Rumen Bacteria

Polan, C.E.; McNeill, John J.; Tove, S. B.

doi:10.1128/jb.88.4.1056-1064.1964

Cited by 217 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This response indicated that complete hydrogenation of 18:2n-6 to 18:0 decreased as 18:2n-6 input into the rumen increased. The net effect was accumulation of trans-18:1 isomers primarily (Table 3) as shown in vitro by Polan et al (1964). Feeding oils increased hydrogenation of 18:3n-3 compared with the control.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Characterization of 18:1 and 18:2 isomers produced during microbial biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids from canola and soya bean oil in the rumen of lactating cows

Loor

Bandara

Herbein

2002

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Ruminal production of biohydrogenation intermediates in response to unsaturated oils was assessed using 24 Jersey cows fed a control diet or the control diet supplemented at 35 g/kg dry matter (DM) with canola, soya bean, or a mixture of equal amounts of canola plus soya bean oil for 4-weeks. Total fatty acid content averaged 63 or 35 g/kg DM for oil-supplemented diets or control. Oleic acid accounted for 6, 29, 21 or 12 g/kg DM in the control, canola, mixture, or soya bean oil diet, respectively. Linoleic acid averaged 17, 19, 26, or 33 g/kg DM and linolenic acid 5, 5, 6 or 8 g/kg DM for control, canola, mixture, or soya bean oil. Concentrations of cis12-, trans11-, trans13+14, and trans15-18:1 were 0.81, 2.99, 2.24, and 0.73 mg/g rumen fluid, respectively, in response to soya bean oil and were 126, 90, 45, and 38% greater compared with other diets. Trans11cis15-, cis9trans11- and cis9 cis11-18:2 also were greater when soya bean oil (0.30, 0.34 and 0.01 mg/g, respectively) was fed compared with other treatments (0.12, 0.21 and 0.004 mg/g, respectively). Feeding canola oil resulted in greater concentrations of trans4-, trans5-, trans6+7+8-, trans9- and trans10-18:1 (0.20, 0.25, 0.87, 0.39 and 0.70 mg/g, respectively) compared with other diets (0.09, 0.15, 0.36, 0.20 and 0.46 mg/g, respectively). Trans10cis12-18:2 concentration did not differ as a result of diet and averaged 0.002 mg/g rumen contents. The pattern of 18:1 and 18:2 isomers formed during ruminal biohydrogenation depends greatly on dietary profile of unsaturated fatty acids.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Characterization of 18:1 and 18:2 isomers produced during microbial biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids from canola and soya bean oil in the rumen of lactating cows

Loor

Bandara

Herbein

2002

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…Certainly, any unabsorbed unsaturated fatty acids reaching the colon will be exposed to a population of anaerobic bacteria which produce hydrogen and create a reducing environment. It is well known that PUFA are subject to reduction to more saturated homologues by anaerobic bacteria in the rumen (Polan et al 1964), and similar effects have been observed with bacteria isolated from rat intestine (Eyssen and Parmentier 1974). The aim of this study was to investigate whether essential PUFA are biohydrogenated by human colonic bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…‡ Includes cis,cis,trans and cis,trans,trans. -------------------------------------------------- −1 ) -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- anaerobic bacteria of the rumen in cattle and sheep has been extensively studied (Polan et al 1964), and similar activities in the rat large intestine were reported by Eyssen and Parmentier (1974). In a study of rumen bacteria by Fujimoto et al (1993), Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens was identified as having the greatest hydrogenating capacity.…”

Section: ------------------------------------------------------No Addmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by human colonic bacteria

Howard¹,

Henderson

1999

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Emulsions of the fatty acids linoleic (C18:2 n-6), alpha-linolenic (C18:3 n-3) and arachidonic acid (C20:4 n-6) were incubated for 4 h under anaerobic conditions with human faecal suspensions. Linoleic acid was significantly decreased (P < 0.001) and there was a significant rise (P < 0.05) in its hydrogenation product, stearic acid. Linolenic acid was also significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and significant increases in C18:3 cis-trans isomers (P < 0.01) and linoleic acid (P < 0.05) were seen. With each acid, there were non-significant increases in acids considered to be intermediates in biohydrogenation. The study provides evidence that bacteria from the human colon can hydrogenate C18 essential polyunsaturated fatty acids. However, with arachidonic acid there was no evidence of hydrogenation.

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“…Biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids is thought to be mainly because of strains from the Butyrivibrio group in the rumen (Polan et al 1964;van de Vossenberg and Joblin 2003). The Butyrivibrio group, which includes the genus names Butyrivibrio and Pseudobutyrivibrio and a group named Clostridium proteoclasticum (Kopecny et al 2003), comprises strains exhibiting large variation in their 16S rRNA sequences, and the taxonomy of this group of bacteria requires revision (Forster et al 1996;Willems et al 1996;van de Vossenberg and Joblin 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of ruminalClostridium proteoclasticumby real-time PCR using a molecular beacon approach

Paillard¹,

McKain²,

Rincón³

et al. 2007

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims: All members of the ruminal Butyrivibrio group convert linoleic acid (cis‐9,cis‐12‐18 : 2) via conjugated 18 : 2 metabolites (mainly cis‐9,trans‐11‐18 : 2, conjugated linoleic acid) to vaccenic acid (trans‐11‐18 : 1), but only members of a small branch, which includes Clostridium proteoclasticum, of this heterogeneous group further reduce vaccenic acid to stearic acid (18 : 0, SA). The aims of this study were to develop a real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay that would detect and quantify these key SA producers and to use this method to detect diet‐associated changes in their populations in ruminal digesta of lactating cows. Methods and Results: The use of primers targeting the 16S rRNA gene of Cl. proteoclasticum was not sufficiently specific when only binding dyes were used for detection in real‐time PCR. Their sequences were too similar to some nonproducing strains. A molecular beacon probe was designed specifically to detect and quantify the 16S rRNA genes of the Cl. proteoclasticum subgroup. The probe was characterized by its melting curve and validated using five SA‐producing and ten nonproducing Butyrivibrio‐like strains and 13 other common ruminal bacteria. Analysis of ruminal digesta collected from dairy cows fed different proportions of starch and fibre indicated a Cl. proteoclasticum population of 2–9% of the eubacterial community. The influence of diet on numbers of these bacteria was less than variations between individual cows. Conclusions: A molecular beacon approach in qPCR enables the detection of Cl. proteoclasticum in ruminal digesta. Their numbers are highly variable between individual animals. Significance and Impact of the Study: SA producers are fundamental to the flow of polyunsaturated fatty acid and vaccenic acid from the rumen. The method described here enabled preliminary information to be obtained about the size of this population. Further application of the method to digesta samples from cows fed diets of more variable composition should enable us to understand how to control these bacteria in order to enhance the nutritional characteristics of ruminant‐derived foods, including milk and beef.

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Biohydrogenation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids by Rumen Bacteria

Cited by 217 publications

References 4 publications

Characterization of 18:1 and 18:2 isomers produced during microbial biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids from canola and soya bean oil in the rumen of lactating cows

Characterization of 18:1 and 18:2 isomers produced during microbial biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids from canola and soya bean oil in the rumen of lactating cows

Hydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by human colonic bacteria

Quantification of ruminalClostridium proteoclasticumby real-time PCR using a molecular beacon approach

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